Abstract：
With dental implant treatment becoming the gold standard, the need for effective bone augmentation prior to implantation has grown. This study aims to evaluate a bone augmentation strategy integrating three key growth factors: bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Collagen scaffolds incorporating BMP-2, IGF-1, or VEGF were fabricated and categorized into five groups based on their content: scaffold alone; BMP-2 alone (BMP-2); BMP-2 and IGF-1 (BI); BMP-2, IGF-1, and VEGF (BIV); and BMP-2 and IGF-1 with an earlier release of VEGF (BI + V). The prepared scaffolds were surgically implanted into the calvarias of C57BL/6JJcl mice, and hard tissue formation was assessed after 10 and 28 days through histological, tomographic, and biochemical analyses. The combination of BMP-2 and IGF-1 induced a greater volume of hard tissue augmentation compared with that of BMP-2 alone, regardless of VEGF supplementation, and these groups had increased levels of cartilage compared with others. The volume of hard tissue formation was greatest in the BIV group. In contrast, the BI + V group exhibited a hard tissue volume similar to that of the BI group. While VEGF and CD31 levels were highest in the BIV group at 10 days, there was no correlation at the same time point between hard tissue formation and the quantity of M2 macrophages. In conclusion, the simultaneous release of BMP-2, IGF-1, and VEGF proved to be effective in promoting bone augmentation.
摘要：
随着种植牙治疗成为黄金标准，在植入前对有效骨增强的需求已经增加。这项研究旨在评估整合三个关键生长因子的骨增强策略：骨形态发生蛋白-2（BMP-2），胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1），血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)。制造了包含BMP-2，IGF-1或VEGF的胶原蛋白支架，并根据其含量分为五组：单独的支架；单独的BMP-2（BMP-2）；BMP-2和IGF-1（BI）；BMP-2，IGF-1和VEGF（BIV）；以及BMP-2和IGF-1，较早释放VEGF（BIV）。将制备的支架通过手术植入C57BL/6JJcl小鼠的颅骨中，和硬组织形成后10和28天通过组织学评估，层析成像,和生化分析。与单独使用BMP-2相比，BMP-2和IGF-1的组合诱导了更大体积的硬组织增大，无论是否补充VEGF，与其他组相比，这些组的软骨水平增加。BIV组的硬组织形成量最大。相比之下,BI+V组表现出与BI组相似的硬组织体积。而BIV组的VEGF和CD31水平在第10天最高，在同一时间点，硬组织形成与M2巨噬细胞数量之间没有相关性。总之,同时释放BMP-2，IGF-1和VEGF被证明可有效促进骨增强。
