Abstract：
Alongside typical parenting challenges, initial condition-specific research suggests thadifferent experiences and support needs.t parents of children with different visible differences may experience similar psychosocial difficulties. Despite this, large-scale cross-condition research to identify risk and protective factors for parental distress and psychosocial adjustment has been lacking. Two hundred and nine parents and carers of children with a range of visible differences completed an online survey comprised of standardised outcome measures, study-specific measures, and open-ended questions. Multiple regression modelling identified possible risk and protective factors, and data collected via open-ended questions were analysed using content analysis. Findings support themes previously identified in small-scale cross-condition qualitative research with parents of children with visible differences. Risk factors for parental negative affect and stress included parental reports of the noticeability of their child\'s visible difference and teasing. Protective factors included good parent-child communication, self-compassion, knowledge of their child\'s condition and satisfaction with treatment. The risk and protective factors identified provide important insight into the experiences of this parent population and indicate possible avenues for psychosocial intervention.
摘要：
除了典型的育儿挑战，针对特定条件的初步研究表明，不同的经验和支持需求。具有不同可见差异的儿童的父母可能会经历类似的心理社会困难。尽管如此,缺乏大规模的跨条件研究来确定父母痛苦和心理社会适应的风险和保护因素。有一系列明显差异的儿童家长和照顾者完成了一项由标准化结果指标组成的在线调查，研究具体措施，和开放式问题。多元回归模型确定了可能的风险和保护因素，通过开放式问题收集的数据使用内容分析进行分析。研究结果支持先前在小规模的跨条件定性研究中与有明显差异的儿童的父母确定的主题。父母负面影响和压力的风险因素包括父母报告其孩子的明显差异和戏弄。保护因素包括良好的亲子沟通，自我同情，了解孩子的病情和对治疗的满意度。确定的风险和保护因素为该父母群体的经历提供了重要的见解，并指出了心理社会干预的可能途径。
