Abstract：
CONCLUSIONS: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the promise to be an alternative transportation solution for those with vision loss. However, the impact of vision loss on the perceptions and concerns of AVs is unknown. This study therefore examined whether AVs are perceived differently by blind, visually impaired (VI), and normally sighted people.
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the perceptions of AVs among the blind, VI, and normally sighted.
METHODS: Participants\' opinions on four perception measures (general opinion, trust, impact on quality of life, and intention to use AVs) and nine concerns regarding AVs were measured. The survey was administered to 51 normally sighted, 68 VI, and 65 blind participants. Analyses of covariance assessed whether the four perception measures and nine concerns varied by vision status (normal vision, VI, blind) and driving status (driver, nondriver). Univariate correlations and multiple regression analyses identified associations and predictors of AV perceptions and concerns from demographic, mood, cognition, travel behavior, and vision measures, which included visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field.
RESULTS: The blind (p<0.001), VI (p<0.001), and nondrivers (p<0.001) showed a greater intention to use AVs compared with those with normal vision and drivers. Similar findings were found for the other perception measures. As visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field extent declined, positivity toward AVs increased (p<0.001). Visual field extent best predicted general opinion and trust in AVs, whereas driving measures were the best predictors of impact on quality of life and intention to use AVs. Concerns about AVs showed no differences based on vision (p=0.94) or driving (p=0.63) status.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with vision loss expressed more acceptance of AVs despite their concerns. How positive someone is toward AVs appears to be dependent on their visual field extent and driving status.
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the perceptions of AVs among the blind, VI, and normally sighted.
METHODS: Participants\' opinions on four perception measures (general opinion, trust, impact on quality of life, and intention to use AVs) and nine concerns regarding AVs were measured. The survey was administered to 51 normally sighted, 68 VI, and 65 blind participants. Analyses of covariance assessed whether the four perception measures and nine concerns varied by vision status (normal vision, VI, blind) and driving status (driver, nondriver). Univariate correlations and multiple regression analyses identified associations and predictors of AV perceptions and concerns from demographic, mood, cognition, travel behavior, and vision measures, which included visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field.
RESULTS: The blind (p<0.001), VI (p<0.001), and nondrivers (p<0.001) showed a greater intention to use AVs compared with those with normal vision and drivers. Similar findings were found for the other perception measures. As visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field extent declined, positivity toward AVs increased (p<0.001). Visual field extent best predicted general opinion and trust in AVs, whereas driving measures were the best predictors of impact on quality of life and intention to use AVs. Concerns about AVs showed no differences based on vision (p=0.94) or driving (p=0.63) status.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with vision loss expressed more acceptance of AVs despite their concerns. How positive someone is toward AVs appears to be dependent on their visual field extent and driving status.
摘要：
结论：自动驾驶汽车（AV）有望成为视力丧失者的替代运输解决方案。然而,视力丧失对AVs的感知和关注的影响尚不清楚。因此，这项研究检查了盲人对AVs的感知是否不同，视障（VI），和正常视力的人。
目的：本研究比较了盲人对AVs的看法，VI,正常视力。
方法：参与者对四种感知措施的意见(一般意见，信任,对生活质量的影响，和使用AVs的意图)和对AVs的九个担忧进行了测量。这项调查是对51名正常视力的人进行的，68VI，65名盲人。协方差分析评估了四种感知度量和九种关注点是否因视力状态而变化(正常视力，VI,盲)和驾驶状态(驾驶员，nondriver).单变量相关性和多元回归分析从人口统计中确定了AV感知和担忧的关联和预测因素，心情,认知，旅行行为，和视觉测量，包括视力，对比敏感度,和视野。
结果：盲人（p<0.001），VI（p<0.001），与视力正常和驾驶员相比，非驾驶员（p<0.001）显示出更大的使用AV的意愿。其他感知度量也发现了类似的发现。作为视力，对比敏感度,视野范围下降，对AVs的阳性增加(p<0.001)。视野范围最好地预测了对AVs的一般意见和信任，而驾驶措施是影响生活质量和使用AVs意图的最佳预测因子。对AVs的担忧显示基于视觉(p=0.94)或驾驶(p=0.63)状态没有差异。
结论：患有视力丧失的个体表达了对AVs的更多接受，尽管他们担心。某人对AVs的积极程度似乎取决于他们的视野范围和驾驶状态。
目的：本研究比较了盲人对AVs的看法，VI,正常视力。
方法：参与者对四种感知措施的意见(一般意见，信任,对生活质量的影响，和使用AVs的意图)和对AVs的九个担忧进行了测量。这项调查是对51名正常视力的人进行的，68VI，65名盲人。协方差分析评估了四种感知度量和九种关注点是否因视力状态而变化(正常视力，VI,盲)和驾驶状态(驾驶员，nondriver).单变量相关性和多元回归分析从人口统计中确定了AV感知和担忧的关联和预测因素，心情,认知，旅行行为，和视觉测量，包括视力，对比敏感度,和视野。
结果：盲人（p<0.001），VI（p<0.001），与视力正常和驾驶员相比，非驾驶员（p<0.001）显示出更大的使用AV的意愿。其他感知度量也发现了类似的发现。作为视力，对比敏感度,视野范围下降，对AVs的阳性增加(p<0.001)。视野范围最好地预测了对AVs的一般意见和信任，而驾驶措施是影响生活质量和使用AVs意图的最佳预测因子。对AVs的担忧显示基于视觉(p=0.94)或驾驶(p=0.63)状态没有差异。
结论：患有视力丧失的个体表达了对AVs的更多接受，尽管他们担心。某人对AVs的积极程度似乎取决于他们的视野范围和驾驶状态。
