Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The five-factor model of personality, as quantified using instruments such as the Big Five Inventory, consists of broad personality domains including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism (emotional instability), and Openness. Such instruments typically include >40 items. However, instruments with many items can be unwieldly and a cause of measurement error in clinical and cohort studies where multiple scales are sequenced. Conversely, established 5- and 10-item versions of the Big Five Inventory have poor reliability. Here, we developed and validated an abbreviated 18-item Big Five Inventory that balances efficiency, reliability and sensitivity.
METHODS: We analysed three datasets (N = 59,797, N = 21,177, and N = 87,983) from individuals who participated in the online Great British Intelligence Test (GBIT) study, a collaborative citizen science project with BBC2 Horizon. We applied factor analyses (FA), predictive normative modelling, and one-sample t-tests to validate the 18-item version of the Big Five and to investigate its associations with psychiatric and neurological conditions.
RESULTS: The 18-item version of the Big Five Inventory had higher validity and retest reliability compared to the other previously shortened versions in the literature, with comparable demographic associations to the full Big Five Inventory. It exhibited strong (i.e. large effect size) associations with psychiatric conditions, and moderate (small-medium) associations with neurological conditions. Neuroticism (emotional instability) was substantially higher in all psychiatric conditions, whereas Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion showed differential associations across conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: The newly validated 18-item version of the Big Five provides a convenient means of measuring personality traits that is suitable for deployment in a range of studies. It retains psychometric structure, retest reliability and clinical-group sensitivity, as compared to the full original scale.
METHODS: We analysed three datasets (N = 59,797, N = 21,177, and N = 87,983) from individuals who participated in the online Great British Intelligence Test (GBIT) study, a collaborative citizen science project with BBC2 Horizon. We applied factor analyses (FA), predictive normative modelling, and one-sample t-tests to validate the 18-item version of the Big Five and to investigate its associations with psychiatric and neurological conditions.
RESULTS: The 18-item version of the Big Five Inventory had higher validity and retest reliability compared to the other previously shortened versions in the literature, with comparable demographic associations to the full Big Five Inventory. It exhibited strong (i.e. large effect size) associations with psychiatric conditions, and moderate (small-medium) associations with neurological conditions. Neuroticism (emotional instability) was substantially higher in all psychiatric conditions, whereas Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion showed differential associations across conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: The newly validated 18-item version of the Big Five provides a convenient means of measuring personality traits that is suitable for deployment in a range of studies. It retains psychometric structure, retest reliability and clinical-group sensitivity, as compared to the full original scale.
摘要：
背景：人格的五因素模型，使用五大库存等工具进行量化，由广泛的人格域组成，包括外向，宜人，责任心,神经质（情绪不稳定），和开放。这样的仪器通常包括>40个项目。然而,在对多个量表进行测序的临床和队列研究中，具有许多项目的仪器可能是笨拙的，并且是测量误差的原因。相反，建立的5项和10项版本的五大清单可靠性较差。这里,我们开发并验证了一个简化的18项五大库存，它平衡了效率，可靠性和灵敏度。
方法：我们分析了三个数据集（N=59,797，N=21,177和N=87,983），这些数据来自参与在线英国大智力测验（GBIT）研究的个人，与BBC2Horizon合作的公民科学项目。我们应用了因子分析(FA)，预测性规范建模，和单样本t检验，以验证大五的18项版本，并调查其与精神和神经系统疾病的关联。
结果：与文献中其他先前缩短的版本相比，大五清单的18项版本具有更高的有效性和重测可靠性，与完整的五大清单具有可比的人口关联。它与精神疾病表现出强烈的(即大效应大小)关联，与神经系统疾病的中度（中小）关联。神经质（情绪不稳定）在所有精神疾病中都高得多，而责任心，开放性和外向性显示了不同条件下的不同关联。
结论：新验证的18项版本的“大五”提供了一种测量人格特征的便捷方法，适合在一系列研究中进行应用。它保留了心理测量结构，重测信度和临床组敏感度，与完整的原始规模相比。
方法：我们分析了三个数据集（N=59,797，N=21,177和N=87,983），这些数据来自参与在线英国大智力测验（GBIT）研究的个人，与BBC2Horizon合作的公民科学项目。我们应用了因子分析(FA)，预测性规范建模，和单样本t检验，以验证大五的18项版本，并调查其与精神和神经系统疾病的关联。
结果：与文献中其他先前缩短的版本相比，大五清单的18项版本具有更高的有效性和重测可靠性，与完整的五大清单具有可比的人口关联。它与精神疾病表现出强烈的(即大效应大小)关联，与神经系统疾病的中度（中小）关联。神经质（情绪不稳定）在所有精神疾病中都高得多，而责任心，开放性和外向性显示了不同条件下的不同关联。
结论：新验证的18项版本的“大五”提供了一种测量人格特征的便捷方法，适合在一系列研究中进行应用。它保留了心理测量结构，重测信度和临床组敏感度，与完整的原始规模相比。
