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Abstract：
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to the genus Orthohepadnavirus, of Hepadnaviridae family, smallest human deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus with 3200 bp in a partially double-stranded circular DNA. Globally, about 2 billion people are infected with over 65 million of the chronically infected residing in Africa. Ten HBV genotypes (A-J) have been reported across the globe. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) African Regions including Kenya have high HBV prevalence rates yet the data on prevalence rates of the various HBV genotypes and their associated biomarkers is very scanty. A cross-sectional descriptive study with purposive sampling was conducted in which a census of patients with chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) with history >6-month were reviewed for eligibility. Demographics data was abstracted from patient files and blood samples drawn for genotyping, viral load using Rotor gene Q Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) equipment, Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B envelope antigen (HbeAg) and Hepatitis B core antibody (Anti-HBc) using Cobas e411 machine. Out of a total of 83 patients, 43 (52%) were eligible; males 29 (67.4%), females 14 (32.6%) with mean ages of 35.1±10.8 and 34.3±9.3 respectively. Genotypes A were 34(79.1%), B were 5(11.6%), C-D were 0 while E-J were 9(20.9%). All cases of genotype B were associated with co-infection of genotype A. Majority were HBeAg negative with HBV DNA >10 IU/ml (81.4% and 86.0% respectively) with distribution among all the genotypes. Across genotypes, viral load mean percentage comparisons were: A vs. A/B = 2600 (p = 0.09), A vs. E-J = 5260 (p = 0.09) and A/B vs. E-J = 200 (p = 0.28). The most prevalent genotype was A followed by mixed co-infection of genotype A/B. Genotype A was associated with HBV DNA viral loads > 10IU/ml and high rates of HBeAg negativity. Genotypes E-J were also detected though not characterized.
摘要：
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）属于直肝病毒属，Hepadnaviridae家族，最小的人脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）病毒，在部分双链环状DNA中具有3200bp。全球范围内,大约20亿人感染了超过6500万居住在非洲的慢性感染者。已经在全球范围内报道了10种HBV基因型（A-J）。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）非洲地区，包括肯尼亚的HBV患病率很高，但各种HBV基因型及其相关生物标志物的患病率数据却很少。进行了针对性采样的横断面描述性研究，其中对病史>6个月的慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者进行了普查，以进行资格审查。从患者档案和用于基因分型的血液样本中提取人口统计学数据，使用Rotor基因Q聚合酶链反应（PCR）设备的病毒载量，乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg），使用Cobase411机器的乙型肝炎包膜抗原（HbeAg）和乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗HBc）。在总共83名患者中，43人（52%）符合资格；男性29人（67.4%），女性14（32.6％），平均年龄分别为35.1±10.8和34.3±9.3。基因型A为34（79.1%），B为5（11.6%），C-D为0,E-J为9(20.9%)。所有B基因型病例均与A基因型合并感染相关。大多数HBeAg阴性，HBVDNA>10IU/ml（分别为81.4％和86.0％），分布在所有基因型中。跨基因型，病毒载量平均百分比比较为：A与A/B=2600（p=0.09），Avs.E-J=5260（p=0.09）和A/Bvs.E-J=200(p=0.28)。最普遍的基因型是A，其次是A/B基因型的混合共感染。基因型A与HBVDNA病毒载量>10IU/ml和HBeAg阴性率高相关。尽管未表征,但也检测到基因型E-J。
