Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infection during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of UTI during pregnancy.
METHODS: In this study, pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2023 were divided into UTI group and non-UTI group in accordance with whether or not they had a UTI. The general data, clinical data and laboratory indicators of the participants were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the influencing factors of UTI in pregnant women, and the results were shown with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
RESULTS: A total of 600 pregnant women were included in the study. The results found that 56 women (9.33%) had a combined UTI. The results of midstream urinary bacterial culture in the UTI group showed that Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 60.71% of all detected pathogenic bacteria, and Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were common strains, accounting for 46.43% and 23.21%, respectively. The proportions of patients in the UTI group who were ≥35 years old, had a high school education or below, had a history of abortion, had gestational diabetes, had ≥three vaginal and anal examinations, had a history of UTI and had urinary tract stones were significantly higher than the non-UTI group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years (OR = 9.127; 95% CI: 4.668-17.810; p < 0.001), educational level of high school or lower (OR = 4.184; 95% CI: 2.448-7.160; p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (OR = 3.494; 95% CI: 1.789-6.803; p < 0.001), UTI history (OR = 2.074; 95% CI: 1.114-3.834; p < 0.001) and haemoglobin (Hb) <100 g/L (OR = 8.022; 95% CI: 4.532-14.325; p < 0.001) are risk factors for UTI in pregnant women.
CONCLUSIONS: The common pathogenic bacteria of pregnant women with UTI are mainly Gram-negative bacteria. Older pregnant women, low educational level, gestational diabetes mellitus, history of UTI and anaemia may be risk factors for UTI in pregnant women.
METHODS: In this study, pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2023 were divided into UTI group and non-UTI group in accordance with whether or not they had a UTI. The general data, clinical data and laboratory indicators of the participants were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the influencing factors of UTI in pregnant women, and the results were shown with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
RESULTS: A total of 600 pregnant women were included in the study. The results found that 56 women (9.33%) had a combined UTI. The results of midstream urinary bacterial culture in the UTI group showed that Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 60.71% of all detected pathogenic bacteria, and Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were common strains, accounting for 46.43% and 23.21%, respectively. The proportions of patients in the UTI group who were ≥35 years old, had a high school education or below, had a history of abortion, had gestational diabetes, had ≥three vaginal and anal examinations, had a history of UTI and had urinary tract stones were significantly higher than the non-UTI group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years (OR = 9.127; 95% CI: 4.668-17.810; p < 0.001), educational level of high school or lower (OR = 4.184; 95% CI: 2.448-7.160; p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (OR = 3.494; 95% CI: 1.789-6.803; p < 0.001), UTI history (OR = 2.074; 95% CI: 1.114-3.834; p < 0.001) and haemoglobin (Hb) <100 g/L (OR = 8.022; 95% CI: 4.532-14.325; p < 0.001) are risk factors for UTI in pregnant women.
CONCLUSIONS: The common pathogenic bacteria of pregnant women with UTI are mainly Gram-negative bacteria. Older pregnant women, low educational level, gestational diabetes mellitus, history of UTI and anaemia may be risk factors for UTI in pregnant women.
摘要：
目的：尿路感染（UTI）是妊娠期最常见的细菌感染。本研究旨在探讨妊娠期UTI的危险因素。
方法：在本研究中，将2019年10月至2023年10月在我院进行产前检查的孕妇根据是否患有UTI分为UTI组和非UTI组.一般数据，收集参与者的临床数据和实验室指标.采用多因素logistic回归分析孕妇尿路感染的影响因素,结果以比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(95%CI)显示.
结果：共有600名孕妇被纳入研究。结果发现，56名女性（9.33％）患有联合UTI。尿路感染组中段泌尿系细菌培养结果显示,革兰阴性菌占全部检出病原菌的60.71%,大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是常见的菌株，占46.43%和23.21%，分别。UTI组中≥35岁的患者比例，受过高中或以下教育，有堕胎史,有妊娠期糖尿病,有≥三次阴道和肛门检查，有尿路感染史及有尿路结石者明显高于非尿路感染组(p<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示年龄≥35岁(OR=9.127;95%CI:4.668-17.810;p<0.001),高中及以下文化程度（OR=4.184；95%CI：2.448-7.160；p<0.001），妊娠期糖尿病（OR=3.494；95%CI：1.789-6.803；p<0.001），UTI病史（OR=2.074；95％CI：1.114-3.834；p<0.001）和血红蛋白（Hb）<100g/L（OR=8.022；95％CI：4.532-14.325；p<0.001）是孕妇UTI的危险因素。
结论：妊娠妇女尿路感染的常见病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。年长的孕妇,教育水平低,妊娠期糖尿病,尿路感染史和贫血可能是孕妇尿路感染的危险因素.
方法：在本研究中，将2019年10月至2023年10月在我院进行产前检查的孕妇根据是否患有UTI分为UTI组和非UTI组.一般数据，收集参与者的临床数据和实验室指标.采用多因素logistic回归分析孕妇尿路感染的影响因素,结果以比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(95%CI)显示.
结果：共有600名孕妇被纳入研究。结果发现，56名女性（9.33％）患有联合UTI。尿路感染组中段泌尿系细菌培养结果显示,革兰阴性菌占全部检出病原菌的60.71%,大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌是常见的菌株，占46.43%和23.21%，分别。UTI组中≥35岁的患者比例，受过高中或以下教育，有堕胎史,有妊娠期糖尿病,有≥三次阴道和肛门检查，有尿路感染史及有尿路结石者明显高于非尿路感染组(p<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示年龄≥35岁(OR=9.127;95%CI:4.668-17.810;p<0.001),高中及以下文化程度（OR=4.184；95%CI：2.448-7.160；p<0.001），妊娠期糖尿病（OR=3.494；95%CI：1.789-6.803；p<0.001），UTI病史（OR=2.074；95％CI：1.114-3.834；p<0.001）和血红蛋白（Hb）<100g/L（OR=8.022；95％CI：4.532-14.325；p<0.001）是孕妇UTI的危险因素。
结论：妊娠妇女尿路感染的常见病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。年长的孕妇,教育水平低,妊娠期糖尿病,尿路感染史和贫血可能是孕妇尿路感染的危险因素.
