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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to summarize the frequency and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the Salmonella serotypes identified from the specimens of companion animals, livestock, avian, wildlife and exotic species within Atlantic Canada.
METHODS: The retrospective electronic laboratory data of microbiological analyses of a selected subset of samples from 03 January 2012 to 29 December 2021 submitted from various animal species were retrieved. The frequency of Salmonella serotypes identified, and their antimicrobial susceptibility results obtained using the disk diffusion or broth method were analysed. The test results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard. The Salmonella serotypes were identified by slide agglutination (Kauffman-White-Le-Minor Scheme) and/or the Whole Genome Sequencing for the Salmonella in silico Serovar Typing Resource-based identification.
RESULTS: Of the cases included in this study, 4.6% (n = 154) had at least one Salmonella isolate, corresponding to 55 different serovars. Salmonella isolation was highest from exotic animal species (n = 40, 1.20%), followed by porcine (n = 26, 0.78%), and canine (n = 23, 0.69%). Salmonella subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium was predominant among exotic mammals, porcine and caprine samples, whereas S. Enteritidis was mostly identified in bovine and canine samples. S. Typhimurium of porcine origin was frequently resistant (>70.0%) to ampicillin. In contrast, S. Typhimurium isolates from porcine and caprine samples were susceptible (>70.0%) to florfenicol. S. Oranienburg from equine samples was susceptible to chloramphenicol, but frequently resistant (>90.0%) to azithromycin. In avian samples, S. Copenhagen was susceptible (>90.0%) to florfenicol, whereas Muenchen was frequently resistant (>90.0%) to florfenicol. S. subsp. diarizonae serovar IIIb:61:k:1,5 of ovine origin was resistant (50.0% isolates) to sulfadimethoxine. No significant changes were observed in the antibiotic resistance profiles across the study years.
CONCLUSIONS: This report provides data for surveillance studies, distribution of Salmonella serotypes and their antimicrobial resistance among veterinary specimens of Atlantic Canada.
METHODS: The retrospective electronic laboratory data of microbiological analyses of a selected subset of samples from 03 January 2012 to 29 December 2021 submitted from various animal species were retrieved. The frequency of Salmonella serotypes identified, and their antimicrobial susceptibility results obtained using the disk diffusion or broth method were analysed. The test results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard. The Salmonella serotypes were identified by slide agglutination (Kauffman-White-Le-Minor Scheme) and/or the Whole Genome Sequencing for the Salmonella in silico Serovar Typing Resource-based identification.
RESULTS: Of the cases included in this study, 4.6% (n = 154) had at least one Salmonella isolate, corresponding to 55 different serovars. Salmonella isolation was highest from exotic animal species (n = 40, 1.20%), followed by porcine (n = 26, 0.78%), and canine (n = 23, 0.69%). Salmonella subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium was predominant among exotic mammals, porcine and caprine samples, whereas S. Enteritidis was mostly identified in bovine and canine samples. S. Typhimurium of porcine origin was frequently resistant (>70.0%) to ampicillin. In contrast, S. Typhimurium isolates from porcine and caprine samples were susceptible (>70.0%) to florfenicol. S. Oranienburg from equine samples was susceptible to chloramphenicol, but frequently resistant (>90.0%) to azithromycin. In avian samples, S. Copenhagen was susceptible (>90.0%) to florfenicol, whereas Muenchen was frequently resistant (>90.0%) to florfenicol. S. subsp. diarizonae serovar IIIb:61:k:1,5 of ovine origin was resistant (50.0% isolates) to sulfadimethoxine. No significant changes were observed in the antibiotic resistance profiles across the study years.
CONCLUSIONS: This report provides data for surveillance studies, distribution of Salmonella serotypes and their antimicrobial resistance among veterinary specimens of Atlantic Canada.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在总结从伴侣动物标本中鉴定的沙门氏菌血清型的频率和抗菌药物敏感性，牲畜,禽类,加拿大大西洋地区的野生动物和外来物种。
方法：检索了从2012年1月3日至2021年12月29日从不同动物物种提交的选定样本子集的微生物学分析的回顾性电子实验室数据。确定的沙门氏菌血清型的频率，并分析了使用圆盘扩散或肉汤法获得的抗菌敏感性结果。根据临床和实验室标准研究所标准解释测试结果。沙门氏菌血清型通过载玻片凝集(Kauffman-White-Le-Minor方案)和/或基于资源的鉴定对沙门氏菌进行全基因组测序来鉴定。
结果：在本研究中包括的病例中，4.6%(n=154)至少有一种沙门氏菌分离物，对应于55种不同的血清型。沙门氏菌在外来动物物种中的分离率最高（n=40，1.20％），其次是猪（n=26，0.78%），和犬（n=23，0.69％）。沙门氏菌亚种。肠道血清型鼠伤寒在外来哺乳动物中占主导地位，猪和山羊样本，而肠炎沙门氏菌主要在牛和犬样品中发现。猪源的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌经常对氨苄青霉素具有抗性(>70.0%)。相比之下,来自猪和山羊样品的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分离物对氟苯尼考敏感(>70.0%)。马样本中的奥兰伯格对氯霉素敏感，但经常对阿奇霉素耐药(>90.0%)。在鸟类样本中，S、哥本哈根对氟苯尼考敏感(>90.0%)，而Muenchen通常对氟苯尼考具有抗性（>90.0％）。S、subsp.绵羊来源的diarizonae血清型IIIb：61：k：1,5对磺胺二甲氧嘧啶具有抗性（50.0％的分离株）。在整个研究年份中，抗生素耐药性谱没有观察到显著变化。
结论：本报告为监测研究提供数据，加拿大大西洋兽医标本中沙门氏菌血清型的分布及其耐药性。
方法：检索了从2012年1月3日至2021年12月29日从不同动物物种提交的选定样本子集的微生物学分析的回顾性电子实验室数据。确定的沙门氏菌血清型的频率，并分析了使用圆盘扩散或肉汤法获得的抗菌敏感性结果。根据临床和实验室标准研究所标准解释测试结果。沙门氏菌血清型通过载玻片凝集(Kauffman-White-Le-Minor方案)和/或基于资源的鉴定对沙门氏菌进行全基因组测序来鉴定。
结果：在本研究中包括的病例中，4.6%(n=154)至少有一种沙门氏菌分离物，对应于55种不同的血清型。沙门氏菌在外来动物物种中的分离率最高（n=40，1.20％），其次是猪（n=26，0.78%），和犬（n=23，0.69％）。沙门氏菌亚种。肠道血清型鼠伤寒在外来哺乳动物中占主导地位，猪和山羊样本，而肠炎沙门氏菌主要在牛和犬样品中发现。猪源的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌经常对氨苄青霉素具有抗性(>70.0%)。相比之下,来自猪和山羊样品的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分离物对氟苯尼考敏感(>70.0%)。马样本中的奥兰伯格对氯霉素敏感，但经常对阿奇霉素耐药(>90.0%)。在鸟类样本中，S、哥本哈根对氟苯尼考敏感(>90.0%)，而Muenchen通常对氟苯尼考具有抗性（>90.0％）。S、subsp.绵羊来源的diarizonae血清型IIIb：61：k：1,5对磺胺二甲氧嘧啶具有抗性（50.0％的分离株）。在整个研究年份中，抗生素耐药性谱没有观察到显著变化。
结论：本报告为监测研究提供数据，加拿大大西洋兽医标本中沙门氏菌血清型的分布及其耐药性。
