PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a semi-domesticated fruit tree of moderate importance in the Neotropics, utilized for millennia due to its nutritional and medicinal benefits, but its origin of domestication remains unknown. In this study, we examine genetic diversity and population structure in 215 plants from 11 countries in Mesoamerica, the Andes, and Amazonia using 25 nuclear microsatellite loci to propose an origin of domestication. Genetic analyses reveal one gene pool in Mesoamerica (Mexico) and four in South America (Brazilian Amazonia, Peruvian Amazonia and Andes, and Colombia), indicating greater differentiation among localities, possibly due to isolation between guava populations, particularly in the Amazonian and Andean regions. Moreover, Mesoamerican populations show high genetic diversity, with moderate genetic structure due to gene flow from northern South American populations. Dispersal scenarios suggest that Brazilian Amazonia is the probable origin of guava domestication, spreading from there to the Peruvian Andes, northern South America, Central America, and Mexico. These findings present the first evidence of guava domestication in the Americas, contributing to a deeper understanding of its evolutionary history.
摘要：
番石榴（PsidiumguajavaL.）是在新热带地区具有中等重要性的半驯化果树，由于其营养和药用益处，使用了数千年，但是它的驯化起源仍然未知。在这项研究中,我们研究了来自中美洲11个国家的215种植物的遗传多样性和种群结构，安第斯山脉,亚马逊使用25个核微卫星基因座提出驯化的起源。遗传分析显示，中美洲(墨西哥)有一个基因库，南美洲有四个基因库(巴西亚马逊，秘鲁亚马逊和安第斯山脉,和哥伦比亚)，表明地方之间存在更大的差异，可能是由于番石榴种群之间的隔离,特别是在亚马逊和安第斯地区。此外，中美洲人口表现出高度的遗传多样性，由于南美北部种群的基因流动，具有中等的遗传结构。扩散情景表明巴西亚马逊是番石榴驯化的可能起源，从那里传播到秘鲁安第斯山脉，南美洲北部,中美洲,和墨西哥。这些发现是美洲番石榴驯化的第一个证据，有助于更深入地了解其进化史。
