为了研究源自最近辐射的物种的种间分化特征,基因分型测序(GBS)技术用于探索亲缘关系,人口结构,基因流,遗传变异,从全基因组的角度来看,具有相似表型的云杉复合体的基因型-环境关联和选择性扫描。获得以下结果:14个种群的asperata复合体可分为5个分支;P.wilsonii和P.neoveitchii分异较早,与其余6个云杉物种的亲缘关系更远。各种地质事件促进了苦参的物种分化。有四个例子的基因在红松之间流动,P.Meyeri,P.asperata,P.classifolia和P.mongolica。蒙古假单胞菌种群的核苷酸多样性水平最高,P.neoveitchii最近可能遇到了瓶颈。基因型-环境关联研究发现,共有20808个基因与环境变量相关,增强了云杉在不同环境下的适应性。在青霉假单胞菌复合物中选择性扫描的基因主要与植物胁迫抗性相关。其中有一些参与植物生长发育的基因,热应力,昼夜节律和开花。除了通常选择的基因,不同的云杉物种也展示了独特的基因,经过选择性扫描,提高了它们对不同栖息地的适应性。了解云杉物种的种间基因流动和适应性进化有利于进一步理解云杉的种间关系,为云杉基因渗入和功能基因组学研究提供依据。
To study the interspecific differentiation characteristics of species originating from recent radiation, the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique was used to explore the kinship, population structure, gene flow, genetic variability, genotype-environment association and selective sweeps of Picea asperata complex with similar phenotypes from a genome-wide perspective. The following results were obtained: 14 populations of P. asperata complex could be divided into 5 clades; P. wilsonii and P. neoveitchii diverged earlier and were more distantly related to the remaining 6 spruce species. Various geological events have promoted the species differentiation of P. asperata complex. There were four instances of gene flow among P. koraiensis, P. meyeri, P. asperata, P. crassifolia and P. mongolica. The population of P. mongolica had the highest level of nucleotide diversity, and P. neoveitchii may have experienced a bottleneck recently. Genotype-environment association found that a total of 20,808 genes were related to the environmental variables, which enhanced the adaptability of spruce in different environments. Genes that were selectively swept in the P. asperata complex were primarily associated with plant stress resistance. Among them were some genes involved in plant growth and development, heat stress, circadian rhythms and flowering. In addition to the commonly selected genes, different spruce species also displayed unique genes subjected to selective sweeps that improved their adaptability to different habitats. Understanding the interspecific gene flow and adaptive evolution of Picea species is beneficial to further understanding the species relationships of spruce and can provide a basis for studying spruce introgression and functional genomics.