Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the relationships between potential neurophysiological biomarkers and upper limb motor function recovery in stroke patients, specifically focusing on combining two neurophysiological markers: electroencephalography (EEG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed neurophysiological, clinical, and demographical data from 102 stroke patients from the DEFINE cohort. We searched for correlations of EEG and TMS measurements combined to build a prediction model for upper limb motor functionality, assessed by five outcomes, across five assessments: Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Handgrip Strength Test (HST), Finger Tapping Test (FTT), Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), and Pinch Strength Test (PST).
RESULTS: Our multivariate models agreed on a specific neural signature: higher EEG Theta/Alpha ratio in the frontal region of the lesioned hemisphere is associated with poorer motor outcomes, while increased MEP amplitude in the non-lesioned hemisphere correlates with improved motor function. These relationships are held across all five motor assessments, suggesting the potential of these neurophysiological measures as recovery biomarkers.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a potential neural signature of brain compensation in which lower frequencies of EEG power are increased in the lesioned hemisphere, and lower corticospinal excitability is also increased in the non-lesioned hemisphere. We discuss the meaning of these findings in the context of motor recovery in stroke.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed neurophysiological, clinical, and demographical data from 102 stroke patients from the DEFINE cohort. We searched for correlations of EEG and TMS measurements combined to build a prediction model for upper limb motor functionality, assessed by five outcomes, across five assessments: Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Handgrip Strength Test (HST), Finger Tapping Test (FTT), Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), and Pinch Strength Test (PST).
RESULTS: Our multivariate models agreed on a specific neural signature: higher EEG Theta/Alpha ratio in the frontal region of the lesioned hemisphere is associated with poorer motor outcomes, while increased MEP amplitude in the non-lesioned hemisphere correlates with improved motor function. These relationships are held across all five motor assessments, suggesting the potential of these neurophysiological measures as recovery biomarkers.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a potential neural signature of brain compensation in which lower frequencies of EEG power are increased in the lesioned hemisphere, and lower corticospinal excitability is also increased in the non-lesioned hemisphere. We discuss the meaning of these findings in the context of motor recovery in stroke.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在探讨潜在的神经生理生物标志物与脑卒中患者上肢运动功能恢复的关系。特别侧重于结合两个神经生理标记：脑电图（EEG）和经颅磁刺激（TMS）。
方法：这项横断面研究分析了神经生理学，临床,和来自DEFINE队列的102名卒中患者的人口统计学数据。我们搜索EEG和TMS测量值的相关性，以建立上肢运动功能的预测模型，由五个结果评估，跨越五项评估：Fugl-Meyer评估(FMA)，手柄强度测试(HST),手指敲击测试(FTT),九孔钉试验(9HPT),和夹头强度测试（PST）。
结果：我们的多变量模型在特定的神经特征上达成一致：病变半球额叶区域较高的EEGTheta/Alpha比率与较差的运动结果相关，而无病变半球MEP振幅的增加与运动功能的改善相关。这些关系在所有五项运动评估中都有，提示这些神经生理学措施作为恢复生物标志物的潜力。
结论：我们的发现表明大脑代偿的潜在神经特征，在病变半球中，较低的EEG功率频率增加，和较低的皮质脊髓兴奋性也在未损伤的半球增加。我们在中风运动恢复的背景下讨论这些发现的意义。
方法：这项横断面研究分析了神经生理学，临床,和来自DEFINE队列的102名卒中患者的人口统计学数据。我们搜索EEG和TMS测量值的相关性，以建立上肢运动功能的预测模型，由五个结果评估，跨越五项评估：Fugl-Meyer评估(FMA)，手柄强度测试(HST),手指敲击测试(FTT),九孔钉试验(9HPT),和夹头强度测试（PST）。
结果：我们的多变量模型在特定的神经特征上达成一致：病变半球额叶区域较高的EEGTheta/Alpha比率与较差的运动结果相关，而无病变半球MEP振幅的增加与运动功能的改善相关。这些关系在所有五项运动评估中都有，提示这些神经生理学措施作为恢复生物标志物的潜力。
结论：我们的发现表明大脑代偿的潜在神经特征，在病变半球中，较低的EEG功率频率增加，和较低的皮质脊髓兴奋性也在未损伤的半球增加。我们在中风运动恢复的背景下讨论这些发现的意义。
