Abstract：
Cytoskeletal motor proteins are biological nanomachines that convert chemical energy into mechanical work to carry out various functions such as cell division, cell motility, cargo transport, muscle contraction, beating of cilia and flagella, and ciliogenesis. Most of these processes are driven by the collective operation of several motors in the crowded viscous intracellular environment. Imaging and manipulation of the motors with powerful experimental probes have been complemented by mathematical analysis and computer simulations of the corresponding theoretical models. In this article, we illustrate some of the key theoretical approaches used to understand how coordination, cooperation and competition of multiple motors in the crowded intra-cellular environment drive the processes that are essential for biological function of a cell. In spite of the focus on theory, experimentalists will also find this article as an useful summary of the progress made so far in understanding multiple motor systems.
摘要：
细胞骨架运动蛋白是生物纳米机器，将化学能转化为机械功，以执行各种功能，例如细胞分裂，细胞运动性,货物运输,肌肉收缩,纤毛和鞭毛的跳动，和纤毛生成。这些过程中的大多数是由拥挤的粘性细胞内环境中的几个电机的集体操作驱动的。具有强大实验探针的电动机的成像和操纵已通过数学分析和相应理论模型的计算机模拟得到了补充。在这篇文章中,我们说明了一些用于理解协调的关键理论方法，在拥挤的细胞内环境中，多个电机的合作和竞争驱动着细胞生物学功能必不可少的过程。尽管专注于理论，实验家也会发现这篇文章作为一个有用的总结，在理解多电机系统到目前为止所取得的进展。
