Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Risk factors for pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) are not well understood in lower resource settings. The objective of this study is to determine the risk factors associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) among women of reproductive age in rural Nepal.
METHODS: This is a case-control study nested within a community-based cross-sectional survey of parous women of reproductive age with PFDs in the Sarlahi District of Nepal. The presence of PFDs was confirmed by clinical assessment. Detailed sociodemographic information and histories were captured.
RESULTS: We examined 406 women; the mean (SD, range) age was 32.7 (8.5, 16-49) years, mean BMI (SD) was 19.7 (3.3) kg/m2, and median (range) number of pregnancies was 4 (1-11). Two hundred and three women (50.0%) had either SUI or UUI, 85 (17.8%) had both SUI and UUI, and 71 (17.5%) had POP at or beyond the hymen. After controlling for other variables significant on bivariate analysis, age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.06 [95% CI 1.03-1.09]), illiteracy (aOR 2.24 [95% CI 1.04-4.80]), and presence of upper gastrointestinal issues (aOR 3.30, [95% CI 1.77-6.16]) were independently associated with SUI/UUI. Age (aOR 1.05 [95% CI 1.02-1.09]), bispinous diameter (aOR 2.88 ([95% CI 1.11-7.47]), and subpubic angle (aOR 2.78 [95% CI 1.55-5.03]) were independently associated with POP.
CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for PFDs in a homogenous community of parous women of reproductive age in rural Nepal are similar to those found in parous women in higher income countries.
METHODS: This is a case-control study nested within a community-based cross-sectional survey of parous women of reproductive age with PFDs in the Sarlahi District of Nepal. The presence of PFDs was confirmed by clinical assessment. Detailed sociodemographic information and histories were captured.
RESULTS: We examined 406 women; the mean (SD, range) age was 32.7 (8.5, 16-49) years, mean BMI (SD) was 19.7 (3.3) kg/m2, and median (range) number of pregnancies was 4 (1-11). Two hundred and three women (50.0%) had either SUI or UUI, 85 (17.8%) had both SUI and UUI, and 71 (17.5%) had POP at or beyond the hymen. After controlling for other variables significant on bivariate analysis, age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.06 [95% CI 1.03-1.09]), illiteracy (aOR 2.24 [95% CI 1.04-4.80]), and presence of upper gastrointestinal issues (aOR 3.30, [95% CI 1.77-6.16]) were independently associated with SUI/UUI. Age (aOR 1.05 [95% CI 1.02-1.09]), bispinous diameter (aOR 2.88 ([95% CI 1.11-7.47]), and subpubic angle (aOR 2.78 [95% CI 1.55-5.03]) were independently associated with POP.
CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for PFDs in a homogenous community of parous women of reproductive age in rural Nepal are similar to those found in parous women in higher income countries.
摘要：
目的：盆底疾病（PFD）的危险因素在资源较低的地区尚不清楚。这项研究的目的是确定与压力性尿失禁（SUI）相关的危险因素，急迫性尿失禁（UUI），尼泊尔农村育龄妇女的盆腔器官脱垂（POP）。
方法：这是一项病例对照研究，嵌套在尼泊尔Sarlahi区以社区为基础的育龄妇女PFD横断面调查中。通过临床评估证实了PFD的存在。捕获了详细的社会人口统计信息和历史。
结果：我们检查了406名女性；平均值(SD，范围)年龄为32.7(8.5、16-49)岁，平均BMI(SD)为19.7(3.3)kg/m2,中位(范围)怀孕次数为4次(1-11次).两百零三位女性（50.0％）患有SUI或UUI，85（17.8%）同时患有SUI和UUI，71例（17.5％）在处女膜或处女膜以外有POP。在控制了双变量分析中重要的其他变量后，年龄（调整后的赔率比[AOR]1.06[95%CI1.03-1.09]），文盲(aOR2.24[95%CI1.04-4.80])，和上消化道问题的存在（aOR3.30，[95％CI1.77-6.16]）与SUI/UUI独立相关。年龄（aOR1.05[95%CI1.02-1.09]），双品直径（AOR2.88（[95%CI1.11-7.47]），耻骨下角(aOR2.78[95%CI1.55-5.03])与POP独立相关。
结论：尼泊尔农村地区育龄妇女同质社区PFD的危险因素与高收入国家的育龄妇女相似。
方法：这是一项病例对照研究，嵌套在尼泊尔Sarlahi区以社区为基础的育龄妇女PFD横断面调查中。通过临床评估证实了PFD的存在。捕获了详细的社会人口统计信息和历史。
结果：我们检查了406名女性；平均值(SD，范围)年龄为32.7(8.5、16-49)岁，平均BMI(SD)为19.7(3.3)kg/m2,中位(范围)怀孕次数为4次(1-11次).两百零三位女性（50.0％）患有SUI或UUI，85（17.8%）同时患有SUI和UUI，71例（17.5％）在处女膜或处女膜以外有POP。在控制了双变量分析中重要的其他变量后，年龄（调整后的赔率比[AOR]1.06[95%CI1.03-1.09]），文盲(aOR2.24[95%CI1.04-4.80])，和上消化道问题的存在（aOR3.30，[95％CI1.77-6.16]）与SUI/UUI独立相关。年龄（aOR1.05[95%CI1.02-1.09]），双品直径（AOR2.88（[95%CI1.11-7.47]），耻骨下角(aOR2.78[95%CI1.55-5.03])与POP独立相关。
结论：尼泊尔农村地区育龄妇女同质社区PFD的危险因素与高收入国家的育龄妇女相似。
