PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Alternative splicing is an essential post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism that diversifies gene function by generating multiple protein isoforms from a single gene and act as a crucial role in insect environmental adaptation. Olfaction, a key sense for insect adaptation, relies heavily on the antennae, which are the primary olfactory organs expressing most of the olfactory genes. Despite the extensive annotation of olfactory genes within insect antennal tissues facilitated by high-throughput sequencing technology advancements, systematic analyses of alternative splicing are still relatively less. In this study, we focused on the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis), a significant pest of fruit crops. We performed a detailed analysis of alternative splicing in its antennae by utilizing the full-length transcriptome of its antennal tissue and the insect\'s genome. The results revealed 8600 non-redundant full-length transcripts identified in the oriental fruit fly antennal full-length transcriptome, spanning 4,145 gene loci. Over 40% of these loci exhibited multiple isoforms. Among these, 161 genes showed sex-biased isoform switching, involving seven different types of alternative splicing. Notably, events involving alternative transcription start sites (ATSS) and alternative transcription termination sites (ATTS) were the most common. Of all the genes undergoing ATSS and ATTS alternative splicing between male and female, 32 genes were alternatively spliced in protein coding regions, potentially affecting protein function. These genes were categorized based on the length of the sex-biased isoforms, with the highest difference in isoform fraction (dIF) associated with the ATSS type, including genes such as BdorABCA13, BdorCAT2, and BdorTSN3. Additionally, transcription factor binding sites for doublesex were identified upstream of both BdorABCA13 and BdorCAT2. Besides being expressed in the antennal tissues, BdorABCA13 and BdorCAT2 are also expressed in the mouthparts, legs, and genitalia of both female and male adults, suggesting their functional diversity. This study reveals alternative splicing events in the antennae of Bactrophora dorsalis from two aspects: odorant receptor genes and other types of genes expressed in the antennae. This study not only provides a research foundation for understanding the regulation of gene function by alternative splicing in the oriental fruit fly but also offers new insights for utilizing olfaction-based behavioral manipulation techniques to manage this pest.
摘要：
选择性剪接是一种必不可少的转录后调控机制，通过从单个基因产生多种蛋白质亚型来使基因功能多样化，并在昆虫环境适应中起关键作用。嗅觉,昆虫适应的关键意义，严重依赖天线，是表达大多数嗅觉基因的主要嗅觉器官。尽管高通量测序技术的进步促进了昆虫触角组织中嗅觉基因的广泛注释，对选择性剪接的系统分析仍然相对较少。在这项研究中,我们专注于东方果蝇（Bactroceradorsalis），水果作物的一种重要害虫。我们利用其触角组织和昆虫基因组的全长转录组，对其触角的选择性剪接进行了详细分析。结果显示，在东方果蝇触角全长转录组中鉴定出8600种非冗余全长转录本，跨越4145个基因位点。超过40%的这些基因座表现出多个同种型。其中,161个基因显示性别偏向的同工型转换，涉及七种不同类型的可变剪接。值得注意的是,涉及替代转录起始位点(ATSS)和替代转录终止位点(ATTS)的事件是最常见的.在所有在男性和女性之间进行ATSS和ATTS选择性剪接的基因中，32个基因在蛋白质编码区选择性剪接，可能影响蛋白质功能。这些基因根据性别偏向的同种型的长度进行分类，与ATSS类型相关的同工型分数(DIF)差异最大，包括BdorABCA13、BdorCAT2和BdorTSN3等基因。此外,在BdorABCA13和BdorCAT2的上游鉴定了doublesex的转录因子结合位点.除了在触角组织中表达，BdorABCA13和BdorCAT2也在口腔中表达，腿,女性和男性的生殖器，表明它们的功能多样性。本研究从两个方面揭示了背细菌触角中的选择性剪接事件：气味受体基因和触角中表达的其他类型基因。这项研究不仅为理解东方果蝇中选择性剪接对基因功能的调控提供了研究基础，而且为利用基于嗅觉的行为操纵技术来管理这种害虫提供了新的见解。
