PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Enhancing saline water productivity in arid regions is essential for sustainable agriculture. Adding biochar can improve the quantity and quality of tomato yield under higher levels of salinity and lower levels of irrigation. The experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar on enhancing tomato fruit quality and yield under salinity and drought stress. The experiment combines two treatments for irrigation water quality (0.9 and 2.3 dS m-1), four irrigation levels (40, 60, 80, and 100%) of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and the addition of 5% of biochar to treated soil (BC5%) and untreated soil (BC0%). The results showed that the decrease in the water quality and irrigation levels negatively impacted the yield and properties of tomato fruit, while 5% of biochar application positively improved the yield. Adding biochar decreased the tomato yield by 29.33% and 42.51% under lower-saline-irrigation water than the control, negatively affecting the fruit\'s physical parameters and mineral content. In contrast, adding biochar and irrigating with saline water at 60% of ETc improved the firmness and quality characteristics of the fruit by 56.60%, 67.19, 99.75, and 73.57% for vitamin C (VC), total titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), and total sugars (TS), respectively, compared to the control, and also reduced the sodium content of the fruits under all irrigation levels compared to untreated plants by biochar. Generally, biochar with saline water under deficit irrigation with 80 and 60% of ETc could be an excellent strategy to enhance the qualitative characteristics of tomato fruits and save approximately 20-40% of the applied water.
摘要：
提高干旱地区的咸水生产率对于可持续农业至关重要。在较高的盐分和较低的灌溉水平下，添加生物炭可以提高番茄产量的数量和质量。本试验旨在评价生物炭对盐碱和干旱胁迫下番茄果实品质和产量的影响。实验结合了两种灌溉水质处理(0.9和2.3dSm-1)，四个灌溉水平(40、60、80和100%)的作物蒸散量(ETc)，并向处理过的土壤(BC5%)和未处理过的土壤(BC0%)中添加5%的生物炭。结果表明，水质和灌溉水平的下降对番茄果实的产量和性状产生了负面影响，而5%的生物炭应用积极地提高了产量。低盐灌水条件下添加生物炭使番茄产量比对照降低29.33%和42.51%,对水果的物理参数和矿物质含量产生负面影响。相比之下,添加生物炭，用ETc的60％的盐水灌溉，使果实的硬度和品质特性提高了56.60％，维生素C（VC）为67.19、99.75和73.57％，总滴定酸度（TA），总可溶性固形物（TSS），和总糖(TS)，分别,与对照相比，与未处理的植物相比，生物炭还降低了所有灌溉水平下水果的钠含量。一般来说,在80％和60％的ETc的亏缺灌溉下，具有盐水的生物炭可能是增强番茄果实质量特性并节省约20-40％的施用水的绝佳策略。
