PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
On 11 September 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) killed nearly three thousand people and exposed hundreds of thousands of rescue and recovery workers, passersby, area workers, and residents to varying amounts of dust and smoke. Former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani ordered the emergency evacuation of Lower Manhattan below Canal Street, but not all residents evacuated. Previous studies showed that those who did not evacuate had a higher incidence of newly diagnosed asthma. Among the 71,424 who enrolled in the WTC Health Registry in 2003-2004, we evaluated the bivariate association of educational attainment, household income, and race or ethnicity with reported evacuation on or after 9/11/01. We used log binomial regression to assess the relative risks of not evacuating from their home following the 9/11 attacks, adjusting for age, gender, and marital status. Out of a total of 11,871 enrollee residents of Lower Manhattan, 7345 or 61.79% reported evacuating their home on or after 9/11. In a fully adjusted model, the estimated relative risk for not evacuating was elevated for those who identified as non-Hispanic Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Hispanic residents compared to non-Hispanic White residents. Residents with a high school diploma/GED had an elevated estimated risk compared to those with at least a bachelor\'s degree. Those with lower household incomes had an elevated estimated risk compared to those with the highest income category. These significant inequities will need to be prevented in future disasters.
摘要：
2001年9月11日，对世界贸易中心（WTC）的袭击造成近三千人死亡，数十万救援和恢复人员暴露在外，过路人,区域工人,和居民不同数量的灰尘和烟雾。前纽约市市长鲁迪·朱利安尼下令紧急疏散运河街下方的曼哈顿下城，但并非所有居民都撤离。以前的研究表明，那些没有撤离的人新诊断的哮喘发病率更高。在2003-2004年参加WTC健康注册的71,424人中，我们评估了受教育程度的双变量关联，家庭收入,和种族或族裔，并报告在9/11/01或之后撤离。我们使用对数二项回归来评估9/11袭击后不从家中撤离的相对风险，调整年龄，性别,和婚姻状况。在曼哈顿下城总共11,871名登记居民中，7345或61.79％的人报告在9/11当天或之后撤离了房屋。在完全调整的模型中，对于那些被确定为非西班牙裔黑人的人来说，不撤离的估计相对风险升高，亚洲/太平洋岛民，和西班牙裔居民与非西班牙裔白人居民相比。与至少具有学士学位的居民相比，具有高中文凭/GED的居民的估计风险较高。与收入最高的人群相比，家庭收入较低的人群估计风险较高。在未来的灾难中，需要防止这些严重的不平等。
