Abstract：
The present paper examines how English native speakers produce scopally ambiguous sentences and how they make use of gestures and prosody for disambiguation. As a case in point, the participants in the present study produced the English negative quantifiers. They appear in two different positions as (1) The election of no candidate was a surprise (a: \'for those elected, none of them was a surprise\'; b: \'no candidate was elected, and that was a surprise\') and (2) no candidate\'s election was a surprise (a: \'for those elected, none of them was a surprise\'; b: # \'no candidate was elected, and that was a surprise.\' We were able to investigate the gesture production and the prosodic patterns of the positional effects (i.e., a-interpretation is available at two different positions in 1 and 2) and the interpretation effects (i.e., two different interpretations are available in the same position in 1). We discovered that the participants tended to launch more head shakes in the (a) interpretation despites the different positions, but more head nod/beat in the (b) interpretation. While there is not a difference in prosody of no in (a) and (b) interpretation in (1), there are pitch and durational differences between (a) interpretations in (1) and (2). This study points out the abstract similarities across languages such as Catalan and Spanish (Prieto et al. in Lingua 131:136-150, 2013. 10.1016/j.lingua.2013.02.008; Tubau et al. in Linguist Rev 32(1):115-142, 2015. 10.1515/tlr-2014-0016) in the gestural movements, and the meaning is crucial for gesture patterns. We emphasize that gesture patterns disambiguate ambiguous interpretation when prosody cannot do so.
摘要：
本文研究了英语母语人士如何产生范围模糊的句子，以及他们如何利用手势和韵律来消除歧义。作为一个恰当的例子,本研究的参与者产生了英语负量词。他们出现在两个不同的位置：（1）没有候选人的选举是一个惊喜（a：对于那些当选的人，他们中没有一个令人惊讶\';b：\'没有候选人当选，这是一个惊喜\')和(2)没有候选人的选举是一个惊喜(A:\'对于那些当选,他们都不是一个惊喜，b:#没有候选人当选，这是一个惊喜。\'我们能够研究手势的产生和位置效应的韵律模式(即，a-解释在1和2中的两个不同位置可用)和解释效果(即在1）的相同位置有两种不同的解释。我们发现参与者倾向于在（a）解释中轻视不同的位置，但在(B)解释中更多的点头/跳动。虽然在（a）和（b）（1）的解释中没有韵律差异，在(1)和(2)中的(a)解释之间存在音调和持续时间差异。这项研究指出了加泰罗尼亚语和西班牙语等语言之间的抽象相似性（Prieto等人。inLingua131:136-150,2013.10.1016/j.lingua.2013.02.008；Tubau等人。语言学家修订版32(1)：115-142,2015。10.1515/tlr-2014-0016)在手势运动中，意义对于手势模式至关重要。我们强调，当韵律无法做到这一点时，手势模式可以消除歧义。
