PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
It is a paradox that psychotomimetic drugs can relieve symptoms that increase risk of and cooccur with psychosis, such as attention and motivational deficits (e.g., amphetamines), pain (e.g., cannabis) and symptoms of depression (e.g., psychedelics, dissociatives). We introduce the ideas of psychotomimetic compensation and psychotomimetic sensitization to explain this paradox. Psychotomimetic compensation refers to a short-term stressor or drug-induced compensation against stress that is facilitated by engagement of neurotransmitter/modulator systems (endocannabinoid, serotonergic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic) that mediate the effects of common psychotomimetic drugs. Psychotomimetic sensitization occurs after repeated exposure to stress and/or drugs and is evidenced by the gradual intensification and increase of psychotic-like experiences over time. Theoretical and practical implications of this model are discussed.
摘要：
这是一个悖论，精神模拟药物可以缓解症状，增加风险和并发精神病，如注意力和动机缺陷(例如，安非他明)，疼痛(例如，大麻)和抑郁症状(例如，迷幻药,分离）。我们引入了精神拟态补偿和精神拟态敏化的思想来解释这一悖论。精神模拟补偿是指通过神经递质/调节剂系统（内源性大麻素，血清素能,谷氨酸能和多巴胺能）介导常见拟精神药物的作用。在反复暴露于压力和/或药物后发生精神拟态致敏，并且随着时间的推移，精神病样经历的逐渐加剧和增加证明了这一点。讨论了该模型的理论和实践意义。
