背景:先前关于孕妇和后代精神分裂症期间25(OH)D水平的研究结果有限且不一致。
方法:我们使用了全国范围的基于人群的登记数据和嵌套病例对照设计,以检查妊娠期母体25(OH)D水平与后代精神分裂症之间的关联。精神分裂症病例(n=1145)出生于1987年至1997年,到2017年被诊断为精神分裂症,并与相同数量的对照组相匹配。定量免疫测定法用于测量芬兰孕产妇队列国家生物库中存档的孕产妇血清中的孕产妇25(OH)D,在第一和第二三个月早期收集。条件逻辑回归模型检查了母亲25(OH)D水平与后代精神分裂症之间的关联。
结果:在未调整分析(OR0.96,95%CI0.78-1.17,p=0.69)或调整分析(aOR0.98,95%CI0.79-1.22,p=0.89)中,对数转化的母体25(OH)D水平与精神分裂症之间没有显着关联。通过五分位数的分析还显示,最低的五分之一的母亲25(OH)D水平与精神分裂症之间没有关联(OR1.09,95%CI0.81-1.45,p=0.55;aOR1.06,95%CI0.78-1.45,p=0.71)。产妇25(OH)D水平,按类别衡量,在不足类别中(OR1.07(0.85-1.35),p=0.52;aOR1.05(0.81-1.34),p=0.88)或不足类别(OR1.13,95%CI0.92-1.40,p=0.23;aOR1.13,95%CI0.90-1.41,p=0.27)也与后代精神分裂症无关。
结论:孕早期母亲维生素D水平与后代精神分裂症无关。需要在妊娠不同阶段测量维生素D的未来研究才能得出确切的结论。
BACKGROUND: Findings from previous studies on maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy and offspring
schizophrenia are limited and inconsistent.
METHODS: We used nationwide population-based register data with a nested case-control design to examine the association between maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy and offspring schizophrenia. The cases of
schizophrenia (n = 1145) were born from 1987 to 1997, and received a diagnosis of
schizophrenia by 2017, and were matched with equal number of controls. A quantitative immunoassay was used to measure maternal 25(OH)D in archived maternal serum in the national biobank of the Finnish Maternity Cohort, collected during the first and early second trimesters. Conditional logistic regression models examined the association between maternal 25(OH)D levels and offspring schizophrenia.
RESULTS: No significant association was found between log-transformed maternal 25(OH)D levels and
schizophrenia in unadjusted (OR 0.96, 95 % CI 0.78-1.17, p = 0.69) or adjusted analyses (aOR 0.98, 95 % CI 0.79-1.22, p = 0.89). Analyses by quintiles also revealed no association between the lowest quintile of maternal 25(OH)D levels and
schizophrenia (OR 1.09, 95 % CI 0.81-1.45, p = 0.55; aOR 1.06, 95 % CI 0.78-1.45, p = 0.71). Maternal 25(OH)D levels, measured in categories, either in deficient category (OR 1.07 (0.85-1.35), p = 0.52; aOR 1.05 (0.81-1.34), p = 0.88) or insufficient category (OR 1.13, 95 % CI 0.92-1.40, p = 0.23; aOR 1.13, 95 % CI 0.90-1.41, p = 0.27) were also not associated with offspring
schizophrenia.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal vitamin D levels in early pregnancy were not associated with offspring schizophrenia. Future studies measuring vitamin D during different stages of gestation are needed to draw firm conclusions.