Abstract：
The current study proposes to investigate the diversity and phylogeny of trypanosomes parasitizing wild birds from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Cytological examination was carried out by light microscopy of blood smears and positive birds were selected for amplification of the 18S rDNA sequence through PCR. The resulting amplicons were subjected to purification, cloning, and sequencing analysis. Phylogenetic reconstruction was conducted, including all avian trypanosomes representative\'s lineages. A total of ten bird samples from species of Turdus flavipes (N=1/12), T. albicollis (N=1/8), Tachyphonus coronatus (N=6/121), Thamnophilus caerulescens (N=1/22) and Synallaxis spixi (N=1/8) were positive for Trypanosoma spp. In the six specimens of T. coronatus, five distinct lineages of Trypanosoma spp. 18S-rRNA were observed in ninety sequences obtained, and using the strategy of cloning independent PCR, it was possible to observe that two of them were related to T. avium (JB01/JB02), and three were closed related to T. bennetti (JB03/ JB04/JB05). Addionaly, all fifteen sequences obtained from T. caerulescens/ S. spixi/T. flavipes/T. albicollis were identical. The present research is the first study to access molecular diversity and polyparasitism by avian trypanosomes in Brazil. The current research exhibits the wide genetic variability in avian trypanosomes and its non-specific relationship with its avian hosts.
摘要：
当前的研究建议研究寄生于巴西大西洋森林野生鸟类的锥虫的多样性和系统发育。通过血液涂片的光学显微镜进行细胞学检查，并选择阳性鸟类通过PCR扩增18SrDNA序列。对得到的扩增子进行纯化,克隆,和测序分析。进行了系统发育重建，包括所有代表鸟类锥虫的谱系。共有十种来自Turdusflavipes的鸟类样本（N=1/12），T.albicollis(N=1/8)，冠带短齿（N=6/121），锥虫（N=1/22）和Synallaxisspixi（N=1/8）阳性。在六个T.coronatus标本中，锥虫的五个不同谱系。在获得的90个序列中观察到18S-rRNA，并使用克隆独立PCR的策略，可以观察到其中两个与T.avium（JB01/JB02）有关，三人与T.bennetti（JB03/JB04/JB05）有关。另外，所有15个序列均来自于刺耳草/刺鼻草/T.flavipes/T.albicollis是相同的。本研究是巴西首次通过禽类锥虫获得分子多样性和多寄生的研究。目前的研究显示了禽类锥虫的广泛遗传变异性及其与禽类宿主的非特异性关系。
