PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Rejection is a highly stressful experience and individuals tend to avoid it whenever possible. In intimate relationships, experiences of rejection can shape the interaction dynamics between partners. Highly rejection sensitive people fear that their romantic partner will reject them and they overreact to any ambiguous cues that might indicate rejection. Furthermore, because they focus on the threat of rejection, they may have difficulty disengaging from rejection-related emotions, persevere in a rejection-focused state and have a reduced capacity to regulate their emotions. The prolonged experience of strong negative emotions, together with maladaptive attempts to respond to rejection, may undermine key relationship maintenance processes that contribute to relationship functioning and lead to negative reciprocity in interactions. The goal of the present study was to shed light on how individuals experience rejection-related emotions and determine whether, following perceptions of negative interactions, rejection sensitivity was associated with stronger negative responses and less efficient downregulation of negative emotions. In addition, we examined whether dyadic patterns of rejection sensitivity were associated with negative emotion dynamics following perceptions of negative interactions.
METHODS: The participants (N = 298) were couples experiencing the transition to parenthood. A multilevel modelling approach was used to assess the associations between rejection sensitivity, perceptions of negative interactions and emotional states. The analyses included repeated daily reports for both rejection and emotions.
RESULTS: The results suggest that rejection sensitive individuals do not report higher negative emotions when they perceive negative interactions. Moreover, rejection sensitive men and women did not remain longer in a negative emotional state after they perceived negative interactions with their partner. Finally, when both men and women partners reported higher levels of rejection sensitivity, neither reported having higher negative emotions after experiencing negative interaction perceptions.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide further insights into emotional dynamics and rejection sensitivity in romantic relationships. Our results do not provide evidence for a link between rejection sensitivity and higher negative emotions or slower recovery after reports of negative interactions. If individuals suppress their emotions, they may not benefit from regulation with their partner and instead may protect themselves over their relationships. However, in this context, rejection sensitivity might also not constitute a strong predictor of daily emotion fluctuations, but other variables- such as relationship satisfaction - might. Future research may investigate emotional responses in a sample with higher levels of rejection sensitivity and use more diverse measures of perceptions of negative interactions.
METHODS: The participants (N = 298) were couples experiencing the transition to parenthood. A multilevel modelling approach was used to assess the associations between rejection sensitivity, perceptions of negative interactions and emotional states. The analyses included repeated daily reports for both rejection and emotions.
RESULTS: The results suggest that rejection sensitive individuals do not report higher negative emotions when they perceive negative interactions. Moreover, rejection sensitive men and women did not remain longer in a negative emotional state after they perceived negative interactions with their partner. Finally, when both men and women partners reported higher levels of rejection sensitivity, neither reported having higher negative emotions after experiencing negative interaction perceptions.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide further insights into emotional dynamics and rejection sensitivity in romantic relationships. Our results do not provide evidence for a link between rejection sensitivity and higher negative emotions or slower recovery after reports of negative interactions. If individuals suppress their emotions, they may not benefit from regulation with their partner and instead may protect themselves over their relationships. However, in this context, rejection sensitivity might also not constitute a strong predictor of daily emotion fluctuations, but other variables- such as relationship satisfaction - might. Future research may investigate emotional responses in a sample with higher levels of rejection sensitivity and use more diverse measures of perceptions of negative interactions.
摘要：
背景：拒绝是一种高度紧张的经历，个人倾向于尽可能避免它。在亲密关系中，拒绝的经历可以塑造合作伙伴之间的互动动力。高度拒绝敏感的人担心他们的浪漫伴侣会拒绝他们，他们对任何可能表明拒绝的模棱两可的线索反应过度。此外，因为他们专注于拒绝的威胁，他们可能很难脱离与拒绝相关的情绪，坚持以拒绝为中心的状态，调节情绪的能力下降。强烈负面情绪的长期体验，以及对拒绝做出反应的适应不良尝试，可能会破坏有助于关系运作的关键关系维护过程，并导致互动中的负面互惠。本研究的目的是阐明个体如何体验与拒绝相关的情绪，并确定是否，在负面互动的感知之后，拒绝敏感性与较强的负面反应和较低效率的负面情绪下调相关.此外,我们研究了拒绝敏感性的二元模式是否与负面互动感知后的负面情绪动态相关.
方法：参与者（N=298）是经历父母身份过渡的夫妇。使用多层次建模方法来评估拒绝敏感性之间的关联，对消极互动和情绪状态的看法。分析包括每天重复的拒绝和情绪报告。
结果：结果表明，对排斥反应敏感的个体在感知负面互动时不会报告较高的负面情绪。此外，拒绝敏感的男性和女性在感觉到与伴侣的负面互动后，不会长时间处于负面情绪状态。最后,当男性和女性伴侣都报告了更高水平的拒绝敏感性时，两人都没有报告在经历负面互动感知后有更高的负面情绪。
结论：我们的发现为恋爱关系中的情绪动态和拒绝敏感性提供了进一步的见解。我们的结果没有提供证据证明拒绝敏感性与负面互动报告后较高的负面情绪或较慢的恢复之间存在联系。如果个人压抑自己的情绪，他们可能无法从与伴侣的监管中受益，而是可以保护自己的关系。然而,在这种情况下，拒绝敏感性也可能不构成日常情绪波动的强预测因子，但其他变量-如关系满意度-可能。未来的研究可能会调查具有更高水平的拒绝敏感性的样本中的情绪反应，并使用更多样化的负面互动感知度量。
方法：参与者（N=298）是经历父母身份过渡的夫妇。使用多层次建模方法来评估拒绝敏感性之间的关联，对消极互动和情绪状态的看法。分析包括每天重复的拒绝和情绪报告。
结果：结果表明，对排斥反应敏感的个体在感知负面互动时不会报告较高的负面情绪。此外，拒绝敏感的男性和女性在感觉到与伴侣的负面互动后，不会长时间处于负面情绪状态。最后,当男性和女性伴侣都报告了更高水平的拒绝敏感性时，两人都没有报告在经历负面互动感知后有更高的负面情绪。
结论：我们的发现为恋爱关系中的情绪动态和拒绝敏感性提供了进一步的见解。我们的结果没有提供证据证明拒绝敏感性与负面互动报告后较高的负面情绪或较慢的恢复之间存在联系。如果个人压抑自己的情绪，他们可能无法从与伴侣的监管中受益，而是可以保护自己的关系。然而,在这种情况下，拒绝敏感性也可能不构成日常情绪波动的强预测因子，但其他变量-如关系满意度-可能。未来的研究可能会调查具有更高水平的拒绝敏感性的样本中的情绪反应，并使用更多样化的负面互动感知度量。
