PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dingoes come from an ancient canid lineage that originated in East Asia around 8,000 to 11,000 years BP. As Australia\'s largest terrestrial predator, dingoes play an important ecological role. A small, protected population exists on a world heritage listed offshore island, K\'gari (formerly Fraser Island). Concern regarding the persistence of dingoes on K\'gari has risen due to their low genetic diversity and elevated inbreeding levels. However, whole-genome sequence data is lacking from this population. Here, we include five new whole-genome sequences of K\'gari dingoes. We analyze a total of 18 whole-genome sequences of dingoes sampled from mainland Australia and K\'gari to assess the genomic consequences of their demographic histories. Long (>1 Mb) runs of homozygosity (ROHs)-indicators of inbreeding-are elevated in all sampled dingoes. However, K\'gari dingoes showed significantly higher levels of very long ROH (>5 Mb), providing genomic evidence for small population size, isolation, inbreeding, and a strong founder effect. Our results suggest that, despite current levels of inbreeding, the K\'gari population is purging strongly deleterious mutations, which, in the absence of further reductions in population size, may facilitate the persistence of small populations despite low genetic diversity and isolation. However, there may be little to no purging of mildly deleterious alleles, which may have important long-term consequences, and should be considered by conservation and management programs.
摘要：
丁狗来自古老的犬科动物谱系，起源于东亚，大约8000-11,000年BP。作为澳大利亚最大的陆地捕食者,野狗发挥着重要的生态作用。一个小,受保护的人口存在于被列为世界遗产的近海岛屿上，K\'gari（以前的弗雷泽岛）。由于遗传多样性低和近交水平高，人们对金鸡在金鸡上的持久性的担忧有所增加。然而,该人群缺乏全基因组序列数据.这里,我们包括了五个新的K\'garidingos的全基因组序列。我们分析了从澳大利亚大陆和K'gari采样的18种全基因组序列，以评估其人口统计学历史的基因组后果。纯合性（ROH）的长（>1Mb）运行-近亲繁殖的指标-在所有采样的野狗中都升高。然而,K\'garidingoes显示出明显更高水平的非常长的ROH（>5Mb），为小种群提供基因组证据，隔离,近亲繁殖,和强大的创始人效应。我们的研究结果表明,尽管目前的近亲繁殖水平，Kgari群体正在清除强烈有害的突变，which,在人口规模没有进一步减少的情况下，尽管遗传多样性和隔离性低，但仍可能促进小种群的持续存在。然而,可能很少甚至没有清除轻度有害的等位基因，这可能会产生重要的长期后果，并应通过保护和管理计划加以考虑。
