Abstract：
Despite considerable increases in road freight traffic and associated crashes over the past decade, our understanding of their spatial distribution remains limited. This is concerning because freight vehicle crashes often lead to fatal and severe injuries. This study focuses on Seoul, South Korea and contributes to the literature by investigating the patterns and sources of spatial inequity in freight crashes. Specifically, it examines whether socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods experience a higher concentration of freight crashes. Using the Gelbach\'s decomposition technique, this study also aims to identify the factors contributing to differences in freight crashes between disadvantaged and less-disadvantaged neighborhoods and quantify their relative contributions. The regression results show that severe freight crashes are more prevalent in disadvantaged neighborhoods before adjusting for other factors-a pattern not observed in non-severe crashes. The decomposition analysis reveals that the observed disparities in severe freight crashes between disadvantaged and less-disadvantaged neighborhoods are fully explained by differences in several neighborhood characteristics, including local road density, truck traffic volume density, proximity to logistics terminals, and off-road bicycle lane density, between neighborhood types. Interestingly, differences in built environment characteristics between neighborhood types not only fail to explain but instead counteract the disparities in severe freight crashes. The findings of this study suggest detailed policy implications for mitigating freight crash occurrences and addressing related spatial inequities.
摘要：
尽管过去十年来公路货运量和相关事故大幅增加，我们对它们的空间分布的理解仍然有限。这是令人担忧的，因为货车撞车通常会导致致命和严重的伤害。这项研究的重点是首尔，韩国通过调查货运事故中空间不平等的模式和来源，为文献做出了贡献。具体来说,它研究了社会经济上处于不利地位的社区是否经历了更高的货运事故集中度。使用盖尔巴赫的分解技术，这项研究还旨在确定导致弱势和弱势社区之间货运事故差异的因素，并量化其相对贡献。回归结果表明，在调整其他因素之前，严重的货运事故在弱势社区中更为普遍-在非严重事故中没有观察到这种模式。分解分析表明，在不利和不利程度较低的社区之间观察到的严重货运事故的差异完全可以通过几个社区特征的差异来解释，包括当地道路密度，卡车交通量密度，靠近物流终端，和越野自行车道密度，在邻域类型之间。有趣的是,邻里类型之间的建筑环境特征差异不仅无法解释，而且抵消了严重货运事故的差异。这项研究的结果表明了减轻货运事故发生和解决相关空间不平等的详细政策含义。
