PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Early life exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides is linked with adverse neurodevelopment and brain function in children. However, we have limited knowledge of how these exposures affect functional connectivity, a measure of interaction between brain regions. To address this gap, we examined the association between early life OP pesticide exposure and functional connectivity in adolescents.
METHODS: We administered functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to 291 young adults with measured prenatal or childhood dialkylphosphates (DAPs) in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, a longitudinal study of women recruited during pregnancy and their offspring. We measured DAPs in urinary samples collected from mothers during pregnancy (13 and 26 weeks) and children in early life (ages 6 months, 1, 2, 3, and 5 years). Youth underwent fNIRS while they performed executive function and semantic language tasks during their 18-year-old visit. We used covariate-adjusted regression models to estimate the associations of prenatal and childhood DAPs with functional connectivity between the frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, and a mediation model to examine the role of functional connectivity in the relationship between DAPs and task performance.
RESULTS: We observed null associations of prenatal and childhood DAP concentrations and functional connectivity for the entire sample. However, when we looked for sex differences, we observed an association between childhood DAPs and functional connectivity for the right interior frontal and premotor cortex after correcting for the false discovery rate, among males, but not females. In addition, functional connectivity appeared to mediate an inverse association between DAPs and working memory accuracy among males.
CONCLUSIONS: In CHAMACOS, a secondary analysis showed that adolescent males with elevated childhood OP pesticide exposure may have altered brain regional connectivity. This altered neurofunctional pattern in males may partially mediate working memory impairment associated with childhood DAP exposure.
METHODS: We administered functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to 291 young adults with measured prenatal or childhood dialkylphosphates (DAPs) in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, a longitudinal study of women recruited during pregnancy and their offspring. We measured DAPs in urinary samples collected from mothers during pregnancy (13 and 26 weeks) and children in early life (ages 6 months, 1, 2, 3, and 5 years). Youth underwent fNIRS while they performed executive function and semantic language tasks during their 18-year-old visit. We used covariate-adjusted regression models to estimate the associations of prenatal and childhood DAPs with functional connectivity between the frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, and a mediation model to examine the role of functional connectivity in the relationship between DAPs and task performance.
RESULTS: We observed null associations of prenatal and childhood DAP concentrations and functional connectivity for the entire sample. However, when we looked for sex differences, we observed an association between childhood DAPs and functional connectivity for the right interior frontal and premotor cortex after correcting for the false discovery rate, among males, but not females. In addition, functional connectivity appeared to mediate an inverse association between DAPs and working memory accuracy among males.
CONCLUSIONS: In CHAMACOS, a secondary analysis showed that adolescent males with elevated childhood OP pesticide exposure may have altered brain regional connectivity. This altered neurofunctional pattern in males may partially mediate working memory impairment associated with childhood DAP exposure.
摘要：
背景：早期接触有机磷（OP）农药与儿童不良的神经发育和脑功能有关。然而,我们对这些暴露如何影响功能连接的知识有限，测量大脑区域之间的相互作用。为了解决这个差距，我们研究了青少年生命早期OP农药暴露与功能连接之间的关系.
方法：在萨利纳斯母亲和儿童健康评估中心（CHAMACOS）研究中，我们对291名测量了产前或儿童二烷基磷酸酯（DAP）的年轻人进行了功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）。一项针对怀孕期间招募的女性及其后代的纵向研究。我们测量了从怀孕期间（13周和26周）的母亲和生命早期的儿童（6个月大，1、2、3和5年）。年轻人在18岁的访问期间执行执行执行功能和语义语言任务时接受了fNIRS。我们使用协变量调整回归模型来估计产前和儿童DAP与额叶之间的功能连接的关联。temporal,和顶叶区域，和中介模型，以检查功能连通性在DAP和任务性能之间的关系中的作用。
结果：我们观察到整个样本的产前和儿童DAP浓度和功能连接的关联为零。然而,当我们寻找性别差异时，在纠正错误发现率后，我们观察到儿童期DAP与右侧内部额叶和运动前皮质的功能连接之间的关联，在男性中，但不是女性。此外,功能连接似乎介导男性DAP与工作记忆准确性之间的负相关。
结论：在CHAMACOS中，次要分析显示,儿童OP农药暴露量升高的青春期男性可能改变了大脑区域连通性.男性的这种改变的神经功能模式可能部分介导与儿童DAP暴露相关的工作记忆障碍。
方法：在萨利纳斯母亲和儿童健康评估中心（CHAMACOS）研究中，我们对291名测量了产前或儿童二烷基磷酸酯（DAP）的年轻人进行了功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）。一项针对怀孕期间招募的女性及其后代的纵向研究。我们测量了从怀孕期间（13周和26周）的母亲和生命早期的儿童（6个月大，1、2、3和5年）。年轻人在18岁的访问期间执行执行执行功能和语义语言任务时接受了fNIRS。我们使用协变量调整回归模型来估计产前和儿童DAP与额叶之间的功能连接的关联。temporal,和顶叶区域，和中介模型，以检查功能连通性在DAP和任务性能之间的关系中的作用。
结果：我们观察到整个样本的产前和儿童DAP浓度和功能连接的关联为零。然而,当我们寻找性别差异时，在纠正错误发现率后，我们观察到儿童期DAP与右侧内部额叶和运动前皮质的功能连接之间的关联，在男性中，但不是女性。此外,功能连接似乎介导男性DAP与工作记忆准确性之间的负相关。
结论：在CHAMACOS中，次要分析显示,儿童OP农药暴露量升高的青春期男性可能改变了大脑区域连通性.男性的这种改变的神经功能模式可能部分介导与儿童DAP暴露相关的工作记忆障碍。
