Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Low back pain is a common reason for presentation to the Emergency Department (ED). However, there are limited large-scale, recent data on the epidemiology, disposition, and medication administration for this condition. The objective of this was to assess the incidence, admission rates, medication administrations, and discharge prescriptions among ED visits for low back pain in the United States.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of ED presentations for low back pain from 1/1/2016 to 12/31/2023 using the Epic Cosmos database. All ED visits for adults with low back pain identified by ICD-10 codes were included. Outcomes included admission rates, distribution of opioid, benzodiazepine, (non-benzodiazepine) muscle relaxant, acetaminophen, NSAID, and corticosteroid medications administered in the ED, and distribution of opioid, benzodiazepine, muscle relaxant, and corticosteroid medications given upon discharge. Subgroup analyses were performed by specific medication.
RESULTS: Of 207,154,419 ED encounters, 12,241,240 (5.9%) were due to back pain with 1,957,299 of these (16.0%) admitted. The admission rate increased over time from 12.8% to 17.1%. The most common medication given in the ED was opioids (40.7%), followed by acetaminophen (37.8%), NSAIDs (22.6%), muscle relaxants (18.4%) benzodiazepines (12.8%), and corticosteroids (5.5%). The most common medications prescribed upon discharge were muscle relaxants (32.1%), followed by opioids (23.2%), corticosteroids (12.2%), and benzodiazepines (3.0%).
CONCLUSIONS: Low back pain represents a common reason for presentation to the ED, and admissions have been increasing over time. Opioids remain the most common ED medication, whereas muscle relaxants have arisen as the most common discharge prescription. These findings can help inform health policy decisions, resource allocation, and evidence-based interventions for medication administration.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of ED presentations for low back pain from 1/1/2016 to 12/31/2023 using the Epic Cosmos database. All ED visits for adults with low back pain identified by ICD-10 codes were included. Outcomes included admission rates, distribution of opioid, benzodiazepine, (non-benzodiazepine) muscle relaxant, acetaminophen, NSAID, and corticosteroid medications administered in the ED, and distribution of opioid, benzodiazepine, muscle relaxant, and corticosteroid medications given upon discharge. Subgroup analyses were performed by specific medication.
RESULTS: Of 207,154,419 ED encounters, 12,241,240 (5.9%) were due to back pain with 1,957,299 of these (16.0%) admitted. The admission rate increased over time from 12.8% to 17.1%. The most common medication given in the ED was opioids (40.7%), followed by acetaminophen (37.8%), NSAIDs (22.6%), muscle relaxants (18.4%) benzodiazepines (12.8%), and corticosteroids (5.5%). The most common medications prescribed upon discharge were muscle relaxants (32.1%), followed by opioids (23.2%), corticosteroids (12.2%), and benzodiazepines (3.0%).
CONCLUSIONS: Low back pain represents a common reason for presentation to the ED, and admissions have been increasing over time. Opioids remain the most common ED medication, whereas muscle relaxants have arisen as the most common discharge prescription. These findings can help inform health policy decisions, resource allocation, and evidence-based interventions for medication administration.
摘要：
背景：下腰痛是急诊（ED）就诊的常见原因。然而,有有限的大规模，最近的流行病学数据，处置,和这种情况的药物管理。这样做的目的是评估发病率，录取率，药物管理,在美国，下腰痛的ED访视中的出院处方。
方法：这是一项使用EpicCosmos数据库对2016年1月1日至2023年12月31日下腰痛的ED表现进行的横断面研究。包括由ICD-10代码确定的患有下腰痛的成年人的所有ED访问。结果包括录取率，阿片类药物的分布，苯二氮卓,（非苯二氮卓）肌肉松弛剂，对乙酰氨基酚,NSAID,和在ED中使用的皮质类固醇药物，和阿片类药物的分布，苯二氮卓,肌肉松弛剂,和出院时给予的皮质类固醇药物。通过特定药物进行亚组分析。
结果：在207,154,419次ED遭遇中，12,241,240（5.9％）是由于背痛，其中1,957,299（16.0％）入院。随着时间的推移，录取率从12.8%上升到17.1%。ED中最常见的药物是阿片类药物（40.7％），其次是对乙酰氨基酚(37.8%)，NSAIDs（22.6%），肌肉松弛剂（18.4%）苯二氮卓类药物（12.8%），和皮质类固醇（5.5％）。出院时最常见的药物是肌肉松弛剂(32.1%)，其次是阿片类药物(23.2%)，皮质类固醇（12.2%），和苯并二氮卓类（3.0%）。
结论：下腰痛是ED的常见原因，随着时间的推移，招生人数一直在增加。阿片类药物仍然是最常见的ED药物，而肌肉松弛剂已成为最常见的出院处方。这些发现有助于为卫生政策决策提供信息，资源分配,和循证干预药物管理。
方法：这是一项使用EpicCosmos数据库对2016年1月1日至2023年12月31日下腰痛的ED表现进行的横断面研究。包括由ICD-10代码确定的患有下腰痛的成年人的所有ED访问。结果包括录取率，阿片类药物的分布，苯二氮卓,（非苯二氮卓）肌肉松弛剂，对乙酰氨基酚,NSAID,和在ED中使用的皮质类固醇药物，和阿片类药物的分布，苯二氮卓,肌肉松弛剂,和出院时给予的皮质类固醇药物。通过特定药物进行亚组分析。
结果：在207,154,419次ED遭遇中，12,241,240（5.9％）是由于背痛，其中1,957,299（16.0％）入院。随着时间的推移，录取率从12.8%上升到17.1%。ED中最常见的药物是阿片类药物（40.7％），其次是对乙酰氨基酚(37.8%)，NSAIDs（22.6%），肌肉松弛剂（18.4%）苯二氮卓类药物（12.8%），和皮质类固醇（5.5％）。出院时最常见的药物是肌肉松弛剂(32.1%)，其次是阿片类药物(23.2%)，皮质类固醇（12.2%），和苯并二氮卓类（3.0%）。
结论：下腰痛是ED的常见原因，随着时间的推移，招生人数一直在增加。阿片类药物仍然是最常见的ED药物，而肌肉松弛剂已成为最常见的出院处方。这些发现有助于为卫生政策决策提供信息，资源分配,和循证干预药物管理。
