PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Sosnowski hogweed is an invasive weed in eastern-middle Europe that is dangerous to human health and the environment. The efficacy of its control using chemical and mechanical methods is limited. Electromagnetic radiation (microwaves) could be an environmentally friendly alternative for controlling this species. This study aims to: (1) Determine the effect of varying microwave treatment (MWT) durations on the control of S. hogweed using a device emitting microwaves at 2.45 GHz, 32.8 kW/m2; (2) Evaluate the impact of MWT on soil by an ecotoxicological bioassays; (3) Analyze biochemical changes occurring in the roots during the process. A field study was performed to assess the efficacy of S. hogweed control using MWT in times from 2.5 to 15 min. The MWT-treated soil was collected immediately after treatment (AT) and tested using bioassays (Phytotoxkit, Ostracodtoxkit, and Microtox). Fourteen days AT, the MWT hogweed roots were dug out, air-dried, and analyzed for the content and composition of essential oil, sugars, and fatty acids. According to the ecotoxicological biotests, the MWT soils were classified as non-toxic or low-toxic. The regeneration of hogweed was observed only in non-treated plants (control). Hogweed MWT for 2.5-15 min did not regenerate up to 14 days AT. The average weight of roots in hogweed MWT for 15.0 min was ca. two times smaller than the control plants. Those roots contained significantly higher amounts of sugars and saturated fatty acids than the control. We did not find a correlation between S. hogweed root essential oil content and composition and MWT time. The main compounds of essential oil were p‑cymene and myristicin. No highly photosensitizing compounds were identified in the tested root oil. We conclude that MWT of S. hogweed could be an environmentally safe and prospective control method, but more studies are needed.
摘要：
Sosnowski猪草是欧洲中东部的一种入侵杂草，对人类健康和环境有害。使用化学和机械方法对其控制的功效是有限的。电磁辐射（微波）可能是控制该物种的环保替代品。本研究旨在：（1）确定不同的微波处理（MWT）持续时间对使用2.45GHz发射微波的设备控制猪草的影响，32.8kW/m2；（2）通过生态毒理学生物测定法评估MWT对土壤的影响；（3）分析过程中根部发生的生化变化。使用MWT在2.5至15分钟的时间内进行了现场研究以评估猪瘟控制的功效。处理后立即收集MWT处理的土壤（AT），并使用生物测定法（植物毒性试剂盒，Ostracodtoxkit,和Microtox）。14天AT，MWT的猪草根被挖出来，风干,并分析了精油的含量和组成，糖，糖和脂肪酸。根据生态毒理学生物测试,MWT土壤分为无毒或低毒。仅在未处理的植物(对照)中观察到猪草的再生。HogweedMWT持续2.5-15分钟直到14天AT都没有再生。猪笼草MWT15.0min的平均根重约为。比对照植物小两倍。这些根中含有的糖和饱和脂肪酸的量明显高于对照。我们没有发现S.hogweed根精油含量与组成和MWT时间之间的相关性。精油的主要化合物是对异丙基苯和肉豆蔻素。在测试的根油中没有鉴定出高度光敏的化合物。我们得出结论，猪草的MWT可能是一种环境安全和前瞻性的控制方法，但是需要更多的研究。
