Abstract：
Extreme weather events radically alter ecosystems. When ecological damage persists, selective pressures on individuals can change, leading to phenotypic adjustments. For group-living animals, social relationships may be a mechanism enabling adaptation to ecosystem disturbance. Yet whether such events alter selection on sociality and whether group-living animals can, as a result, adaptively change their social relationships remain untested. We leveraged 10 years of data collected on rhesus macaques before and after a category 4 hurricane caused persistent deforestation, exacerbating monkeys\' exposure to intense heat. In response, macaques demonstrated persistently increased tolerance and decreased aggression toward other monkeys, facilitating access to scarce shade critical for thermoregulation. Social tolerance predicted individual survival after the hurricane, but not before it, revealing a shift in the adaptive function of sociality.
摘要：
极端天气事件从根本上改变了生态系统。当生态破坏持续存在时，对个人的选择性压力可以改变，导致表型调整。对于群居动物来说，社会关系可能是一种能够适应生态系统干扰的机制。然而，这些事件是否改变了社会性的选择，以及群体生活的动物是否可以，因此,适应性改变他们的社会关系仍未得到检验。我们利用了在4级飓风导致持续森林砍伐之前和之后收集的恒河猴10年的数据，加剧猴子暴露于高温。作为回应,猕猴表现出持续增加的耐受性和减少对其他猴子的攻击性，促进进入对体温调节至关重要的稀缺阴影。社会宽容预测飓风过后个体的生存，但在此之前，揭示了社会性适应功能的转变。
