PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Beef is an important source of high-quality protein and several micronutrients, including iron, zinc, and B vitamins. We determined beef intake and its relationship with intakes of nutrients and their adequacy using 24 h dietary recall data from 5868 older adults. Usual intakes from foods were determined using the National Cancer Institute method, and the percent of the population below the estimated average requirement or above adequate intake was estimated. A high percentage of older adults did not meet nutrient recommendations for vitamin D (96%), choline (96%), vitamin E (84%), potassium (70%), calcium (63%), magnesium (60%), vitamin C (46%), vitamin A (39%), zinc (21%), vitamin B6 (19%), and folate (15%). About 68% of older adults were beef consumers with a mean intake of 56 g/day. Beef consumers had higher (p < 0.05) intakes of energy, protein, calcium, iron, phosphorus, selenium, sodium, zinc, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B12, and choline, and a higher (p < 0.05) proportion met nutrient recommendations for protein, calcium, copper, zinc, thiamin, folate, and vitamin B12 than non-consumers. Consumers of fresh, ground, and processed beef also had generally higher intakes and lower inadequacies of many nutrients depending on the beef type. In conclusion, older adults generally had poor nutrient adequacy from their diets, while beef consumers had higher nutrient intakes and adequacy for certain key nutrients, which are inherently generally available from beef or from foods consumed with beef.
摘要：
牛肉是优质蛋白质和多种微量营养素的重要来源,包括铁,锌，B族维生素。我们使用5868名老年人的24小时饮食回忆数据确定了牛肉摄入量及其与营养素摄入量及其充足性的关系。通常的食物摄入量是使用国家癌症研究所的方法确定的，并估计了低于估计平均需求或高于足够摄入量的人口百分比。高比例的老年人不符合维生素D的营养建议（96％），胆碱（96%），维生素E（84%），钾（70％），钙（63%），镁（60%），维生素C（46%），维生素A（39%），锌（21%），维生素B6（19%），和叶酸（15%）。大约68％的老年人是牛肉消费者，平均摄入量为56克/天。牛肉消费者的能量摄入量较高(p<0.05)，蛋白质，钙，铁,磷，硒,钠,锌，硫胺素,核黄素,烟酸,维生素B12和胆碱,和更高的（P<0.05）比例满足蛋白质的营养建议，钙，铜，锌，硫胺素,叶酸,和维生素B12比非消费者。消费者的新鲜，地面,根据牛肉的类型，加工牛肉的摄入量通常较高，许多营养素的不足较低。总之,老年人通常从他们的饮食中营养充足性差，虽然牛肉消费者的营养摄入量较高，某些关键营养素充足，通常可以从牛肉或与牛肉一起食用的食物中获得。
