PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Stroke among younger age groups is increasing globally. While there is a focus on research conducted on people under 65 years who have had a stroke, there is a paucity of data on the incidence and risk factors of stroke among younger people (≤ 30 years). This scoping review examines evidence on incidence and risk factors for perinatal, paediatric and young adult stroke globally.
METHODS: The review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute\'s scoping review methodology. A systematic search was conducted on 23rd March 2022 across Medline Ovid, Embase, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). The eligibility criteria included all study designs providing information on the incidence and risk factors of stroke among young people (≤ 30 years) in the last ten years.
RESULTS: A total of 5750 articles were identified. After screening, 471 articles (224 cohort studies (47.6%), 164 case studies/case series (34.8%), 35 reviews (7.4%), 30 case-control (6.4%) and 18 combinations of designs (3.8%) were included. There was data from 50 different countries, 199 studies were from high-income countries, upper and middle income (n = 38), lower middle-income (n = 39), low-income (n = 3) countries, international study (n = 7) and a further 185 articles did not state the country of research. Most of the studies (63%) focused on risk factors while incidence constituted 37%. Incidence data were reported heterogeneously across studies, leading to an inability to synthesise data. The three most frequently reported risk factors for perinatal stroke were infections, cardiac conditions, and intrapartum factors. Vasculopathies, infection and cardiac conditions accounted for most reported risk factors for paediatric stroke, while chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, vasculopathies and cardiac conditions accounted for the most reported risk factors among young adults.
CONCLUSIONS: This review has highlighted different stroke risk factors for each age cohort of people under 30 years. The low number of epidemiological studies suggests that further research of this type is needed to fully understand the incidence and risk factors in young stroke. A standardised reporting of age groupings of incidence data is imperative to enable the comparison of data from different geographical locations.
METHODS: The review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute\'s scoping review methodology. A systematic search was conducted on 23rd March 2022 across Medline Ovid, Embase, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). The eligibility criteria included all study designs providing information on the incidence and risk factors of stroke among young people (≤ 30 years) in the last ten years.
RESULTS: A total of 5750 articles were identified. After screening, 471 articles (224 cohort studies (47.6%), 164 case studies/case series (34.8%), 35 reviews (7.4%), 30 case-control (6.4%) and 18 combinations of designs (3.8%) were included. There was data from 50 different countries, 199 studies were from high-income countries, upper and middle income (n = 38), lower middle-income (n = 39), low-income (n = 3) countries, international study (n = 7) and a further 185 articles did not state the country of research. Most of the studies (63%) focused on risk factors while incidence constituted 37%. Incidence data were reported heterogeneously across studies, leading to an inability to synthesise data. The three most frequently reported risk factors for perinatal stroke were infections, cardiac conditions, and intrapartum factors. Vasculopathies, infection and cardiac conditions accounted for most reported risk factors for paediatric stroke, while chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, vasculopathies and cardiac conditions accounted for the most reported risk factors among young adults.
CONCLUSIONS: This review has highlighted different stroke risk factors for each age cohort of people under 30 years. The low number of epidemiological studies suggests that further research of this type is needed to fully understand the incidence and risk factors in young stroke. A standardised reporting of age groupings of incidence data is imperative to enable the comparison of data from different geographical locations.
摘要：
背景：全球年轻年龄组中的卒中正在增加。虽然有一个重点是对65岁以下中风患者进行的研究，关于年轻人(≤30岁)中卒中的发生率和危险因素的数据很少.这项范围审查审查了围产期发病率和危险因素的证据，全球儿童和年轻成人中风。
方法：审查是由JoannaBriggs研究所的范围审查方法指导的。2022年3月23日，在MedlineOvid进行了系统搜索，Embase,护理和相关健康文献的PsycINFO和累积指数（CINAHL）。资格标准包括所有研究设计，提供了过去十年中年轻人（≤30岁）中风的发生率和危险因素的信息。
结果：共鉴定出5750篇文章。筛选后,471篇文献(224项队列研究(47.6%)，164个案例研究/案例系列（34.8%），35条评论（7.4%），包括30例病例对照（6.4％）和18种设计组合（3.8％）。有来自50个不同国家的数据，199项研究来自高收入国家，中高收入（n=38），中低收入（n=39），低收入(n=3)国家，国际研究(n=7)和另外185篇文章没有说明研究的国家。大多数研究（63％）集中在危险因素上，而发病率占37％。发病率数据在研究中报告不均匀，导致无法合成数据。三个最常报告的围产期中风的危险因素是感染，心脏病,和产时因素。血管病变,感染和心脏疾病占儿科卒中的大多数报告危险因素，而慢性疾病如糖尿病，血管病变和心脏病是年轻人中报告最多的危险因素.
结论：本综述强调了30岁以下人群的不同卒中危险因素。流行病学研究的数量较少，这表明需要进一步研究这种类型，以充分了解青年中风的发病率和危险因素。必须对发病率数据的年龄分组进行标准化报告，以便能够比较来自不同地理位置的数据。
方法：审查是由JoannaBriggs研究所的范围审查方法指导的。2022年3月23日，在MedlineOvid进行了系统搜索，Embase,护理和相关健康文献的PsycINFO和累积指数（CINAHL）。资格标准包括所有研究设计，提供了过去十年中年轻人（≤30岁）中风的发生率和危险因素的信息。
结果：共鉴定出5750篇文章。筛选后,471篇文献(224项队列研究(47.6%)，164个案例研究/案例系列（34.8%），35条评论（7.4%），包括30例病例对照（6.4％）和18种设计组合（3.8％）。有来自50个不同国家的数据，199项研究来自高收入国家，中高收入（n=38），中低收入（n=39），低收入(n=3)国家，国际研究(n=7)和另外185篇文章没有说明研究的国家。大多数研究（63％）集中在危险因素上，而发病率占37％。发病率数据在研究中报告不均匀，导致无法合成数据。三个最常报告的围产期中风的危险因素是感染，心脏病,和产时因素。血管病变,感染和心脏疾病占儿科卒中的大多数报告危险因素，而慢性疾病如糖尿病，血管病变和心脏病是年轻人中报告最多的危险因素.
结论：本综述强调了30岁以下人群的不同卒中危险因素。流行病学研究的数量较少，这表明需要进一步研究这种类型，以充分了解青年中风的发病率和危险因素。必须对发病率数据的年龄分组进行标准化报告，以便能够比较来自不同地理位置的数据。
