Abstract：
Climate change has exacerbated the contradiction between water scarcity and sustainable agricultural development. Assessing the crop water use efficiency and its influencing factors could provide a decision-making reference to realize Sustainable Development Goal 2. By analyzing the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the crop water footprint, the blue water footprint, green water footprint, and grey water footprint were introduced into the super efficiency slack-based measure model to evaluate the crop water use efficiency in basins. The influence of the driving factors was examined by using the geographic detector model. The situation in the provinces along the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2020 was used as a verification case. The results indicated that (1) during the study period, crop water use in the basin was mainly based on the blue water footprint, accounting for approximately 55% of the total water footprint, the grey water footprint, accounting for approximately 30% of the total water footprint, and the green water footprint, accounting for the lowest proportion, at approximately 15%. (2) The crop water use efficiency exhibited a spatial distribution pattern of high values in the east and low values in the west, with obvious upstream provinces disposable income of rural residents (0.71) > population urbanization rate (0.65) > degree of agricultural mechanization (0.63) > agricultural disaster rate (0.61). Furthermore, the interaction effects between the driving factors were greater than the effects of the single factors. The study provides an important reference for understanding the changes, driving mechanisms, and impacts of crop water use efficiency in basin areas. It promotes green agricultural transformation and development to address climate change and alleviate the pressure on water resources.
摘要：
气候变化加剧了水资源短缺与农业可持续发展之间的矛盾。评价作物水分利用效率及其影响因素可为实现可持续发展目标2提供决策参考。通过分析作物水足迹的时空演变特征,蓝色的水足迹,绿水足迹,将灰色水足迹引入到基于超效率松弛的测度模型中，以评估流域作物的水分利用效率。通过使用地理检测器模型检查了驱动因素的影响。以2005年至2020年黄河流域沿线各省的情况作为验证案例。结果表明:(1)在研究期间，流域的作物用水主要基于蓝水足迹，约占总水足迹的55%，灰水足迹,约占总水足迹的30%，和绿水足迹，占比最低的，大约15%。(2)作物水分利用效率呈现东部高值、西部低值的空间分布格局,具有明显的上游省份<中游省份<下游省份的区域特征。(3)作物水分利用效率变化的驱动因素排序为:有效灌溉率(0.75)>农村居民可支配收入(0.71)>人口城市化率(0.65)>农业机械化程度(0.63)>农业灾害率(0.61)。此外，驱动因素之间的交互作用大于单因素的交互作用。该研究为理解变化提供了重要的参考,驱动机制，以及流域作物水分利用效率的影响。推动绿色农业转型发展，应对气候变化，缓解水资源压力。
