Abstract：
Mixed martial arts\' popularity has increased in recent years, alongside descriptive research and evidence-based performance recommendations. Guidelines for (both chronic and acute) weight making exist; however, how these translate in real-life scenarios and detailed investigations on practices in larger groups deserve attention. The present study examined the body mass (BM) and composition of 33 professional mixed martial arts athletes preparing for 80 fights. Athletes were supported by on-site dietitians, who encouraged evidence-based practices. Fasted BM was measured throughout the last ∼10 days before all bouts (acute weight management phase). A subset of athletes had body composition assessed before and after the chronic weight loss phase for 40 fights. Most athletes engaged in chronic BM loss, and all engaged in acute weight loss. Many lost fat-free mass (FFM) during the chronic phase, with rates of BM loss <0.5% best preserving FFM. Regardless of losses, the present athletes possessed greater FFM than other combat sport athletes and engaged in greater acute weight loss. Dehydration in the 24-48 hr before the weigh-in was not reflective of weight regain after the weigh-in, rather BM 7-10 days before the weigh-in was most reflective. These findings suggest that many mixed martial arts athletes could increase FFM at the time of competition by maintaining leaner physiques outside of competition and/or allowing increased time to reduce BM chronically. Acutely, athletes can utilize evidence-based protocols, eliminating carbohydrates, fiber, sodium, and finally fluid in a staged approach, before the weigh-in, reducing the amount of sweating required, thus theoretically better protecting health and preserving performance.
摘要：
近年来，混合武术的受欢迎程度有所增加，以及描述性研究和基于证据的绩效建议。（慢性和急性）体重制定指南；然而，这些在现实生活中如何转化，以及对更大群体实践的详细调查值得关注。本研究检查了33名专业混合武术运动员的体重（BM）和成分，为80场战斗做准备。运动员得到了现场营养师的支持,鼓励循证实践的人。在所有发作前的最后10天（急性体重管理阶段）测量空腹BM。在慢性减肥阶段之前和之后，对一部分运动员的身体成分进行了40场战斗评估。大多数运动员从事慢性BM损失，和所有从事急性减肥。许多在慢性期失去的无脂肪质量（FFM），BM损失率<0.5%的最佳保存FFM。不管损失,与其他战斗运动运动员相比，目前的运动员拥有更大的FFM，并且从事更大的急性体重减轻。称重前24-48小时的脱水不能反映称重后的体重恢复，而在称重前7-10天的BM反射最强。这些发现表明，许多混合武术运动员可以通过在比赛之外保持苗条的体格和/或增加时间来长期减少BM，从而在比赛时增加FFM。绝对,运动员可以利用基于证据的协议，消除碳水化合物，纤维,钠,最后以分阶段的方式流动，在称重之前，减少所需的出汗量，从而在理论上更好地保护健康和保持性能。
