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Abstract：
The prevalence of gingivitis is substantial within the general population, necessitating rigorous oral hygiene maintenance.
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed a Garcinia indica (GI) fruit extract-based mouthrinse, comparing it to a 0.1% turmeric mouthrinse and a 0.2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse. The evaluation encompassed substantivity, staining potential, antimicrobial efficacy and cytocompatibility.
METHODS: The study employed 182 tooth sections. For antimicrobial analysis, 64 extracted human teeth coated with a polymicrobial biofilm were divided into four groups, each receiving an experimental mouthrinse or serving as a control group with distilled water. Microbial reduction was assessed through colony forming units (CFU). Substantivity was evaluated on 54 human tooth sections using a UV spectrophotometer, while staining potential was examined on 64 tooth sections. Cytocompatibility was tested using colorimetric assay to determine non-toxic levels of 0.2% GI fruit extract, 0.1% Turmeric, and 0.2% CHX.
RESULTS: Data were analysed with one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Cell viability was highly significant (p<0.001) in the 0.2% GI group (64.1±0.29) compared to 0.1% Turmeric (40.2±0.34) and 0.2% CHX (10.95±1.40). For antimicrobial activity, both 0.2% GI (20.18±4.81) and 0.2% CHX (28.22±5.41) exhibited no significant difference (P>0.05) at end of 12 hours. However, 0.1% Turmeric showed minimal CFU reduction (P<0.001). Substantivity results at 360 minutes indicated statistically significant higher mean release rate in 0.1%Turmeric (12.47±5.84 ) when compared to 0.2% GI (5.02±3.04) and 0.2% CHX (4.13±2.25) (p<0.001). The overall discoloration changes (∆E) were more prominent in the 0.2% CHX group (18.65±8.3) compared to 0.2% GI (7.61±2.4) and 0.1% Turmeric (7.32±4.9) (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study supports 0.2% GI and 0.1% Turmeric mouth rinses as potential natural alternatives to chemical mouth rinses. These findings highlight viability of these natural supplements in oral healthcare.
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed a Garcinia indica (GI) fruit extract-based mouthrinse, comparing it to a 0.1% turmeric mouthrinse and a 0.2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse. The evaluation encompassed substantivity, staining potential, antimicrobial efficacy and cytocompatibility.
METHODS: The study employed 182 tooth sections. For antimicrobial analysis, 64 extracted human teeth coated with a polymicrobial biofilm were divided into four groups, each receiving an experimental mouthrinse or serving as a control group with distilled water. Microbial reduction was assessed through colony forming units (CFU). Substantivity was evaluated on 54 human tooth sections using a UV spectrophotometer, while staining potential was examined on 64 tooth sections. Cytocompatibility was tested using colorimetric assay to determine non-toxic levels of 0.2% GI fruit extract, 0.1% Turmeric, and 0.2% CHX.
RESULTS: Data were analysed with one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Cell viability was highly significant (p<0.001) in the 0.2% GI group (64.1±0.29) compared to 0.1% Turmeric (40.2±0.34) and 0.2% CHX (10.95±1.40). For antimicrobial activity, both 0.2% GI (20.18±4.81) and 0.2% CHX (28.22±5.41) exhibited no significant difference (P>0.05) at end of 12 hours. However, 0.1% Turmeric showed minimal CFU reduction (P<0.001). Substantivity results at 360 minutes indicated statistically significant higher mean release rate in 0.1%Turmeric (12.47±5.84 ) when compared to 0.2% GI (5.02±3.04) and 0.2% CHX (4.13±2.25) (p<0.001). The overall discoloration changes (∆E) were more prominent in the 0.2% CHX group (18.65±8.3) compared to 0.2% GI (7.61±2.4) and 0.1% Turmeric (7.32±4.9) (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study supports 0.2% GI and 0.1% Turmeric mouth rinses as potential natural alternatives to chemical mouth rinses. These findings highlight viability of these natural supplements in oral healthcare.
摘要：
在普通人群中，牙龈炎的患病率很高，需要严格的口腔卫生维护。
目的：本研究评估了一种基于藤黄（GI）水果提取物的漱口水，将其与0.1％的姜黄漱口水和0.2％的氯己定（CHX）漱口水进行比较。评估包括实质性，染色电位,抗菌功效和细胞相容性。
方法：该研究采用了182个牙齿切片。对于抗菌分析，将64颗涂有微生物生物膜的拔除人牙齿分为四组，每个人接受实验性漱口水或作为对照组的蒸馏水。通过菌落形成单位(CFU)评估微生物减少。使用紫外分光光度计对54个人类牙齿切片进行了亲和性评估，同时在64个牙齿切片上检查染色潜力。使用比色测定法测试细胞相容性，以确定0.2%GI果实提取物的无毒水平。0.1%姜黄,和0.2%CHX。
结果：数据采用单因素方差分析（α=0.05）。与0.1%姜黄(40.2±0.34)和0.2%CHX(10.95±1.40)相比,0.2%GI组(64.1±0.29)的细胞活力非常显著(p<0.001)。对于抗菌活性，在12小时结束时，0.2％GI（20.18±4.81）和0.2％CHX（28.22±5.41）均无显着性差异（P>0.05）。然而,0.1%姜黄显示最小的CFU降低(P<0.001)。360分钟时的直接性结果表明,与0.2%GI(5.02±3.04)和0.2%CHX(4.13±2.25)(p<0.001)相比,0.1%姜黄(12.47±5.84)的平均释放速率在统计学上显著较高。与0.2%GI(7.61±2.4)和0.1%姜黄(7.32±4.9)相比，0.2%CHX组(18.65±8.3)的总体变色变化(ΔE)更为显著(P<0.001)。
结论：本研究支持0.2%GI和0.1%姜黄漱口液作为化学漱口液的潜在天然替代品。这些发现强调了这些天然补充剂在口腔保健中的可行性。
目的：本研究评估了一种基于藤黄（GI）水果提取物的漱口水，将其与0.1％的姜黄漱口水和0.2％的氯己定（CHX）漱口水进行比较。评估包括实质性，染色电位,抗菌功效和细胞相容性。
方法：该研究采用了182个牙齿切片。对于抗菌分析，将64颗涂有微生物生物膜的拔除人牙齿分为四组，每个人接受实验性漱口水或作为对照组的蒸馏水。通过菌落形成单位(CFU)评估微生物减少。使用紫外分光光度计对54个人类牙齿切片进行了亲和性评估，同时在64个牙齿切片上检查染色潜力。使用比色测定法测试细胞相容性，以确定0.2%GI果实提取物的无毒水平。0.1%姜黄,和0.2%CHX。
结果：数据采用单因素方差分析（α=0.05）。与0.1%姜黄(40.2±0.34)和0.2%CHX(10.95±1.40)相比,0.2%GI组(64.1±0.29)的细胞活力非常显著(p<0.001)。对于抗菌活性，在12小时结束时，0.2％GI（20.18±4.81）和0.2％CHX（28.22±5.41）均无显着性差异（P>0.05）。然而,0.1%姜黄显示最小的CFU降低(P<0.001)。360分钟时的直接性结果表明,与0.2%GI(5.02±3.04)和0.2%CHX(4.13±2.25)(p<0.001)相比,0.1%姜黄(12.47±5.84)的平均释放速率在统计学上显著较高。与0.2%GI(7.61±2.4)和0.1%姜黄(7.32±4.9)相比，0.2%CHX组(18.65±8.3)的总体变色变化(ΔE)更为显著(P<0.001)。
结论：本研究支持0.2%GI和0.1%姜黄漱口液作为化学漱口液的潜在天然替代品。这些发现强调了这些天然补充剂在口腔保健中的可行性。
