PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The human oral microbiome may alter oral and systemic disease risk. Consuming high sugar content beverages (HSB) can lead to caries development by altering the microbial composition in dental plaque, but little is known regarding HSB-specific oral microbial alterations. Therefore, we conducted a large, population-based study to examine associations of HSB intake with oral microbiome diversity and composition. Using mouthwash samples of 989 individuals in two nationwide U.S. cohorts, bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified, sequenced, and assigned to bacterial taxa. HSB intake was quantified from food frequency questionnaires as low (< 1 serving/week), medium (1-3 servings/week), or high (> 3 servings/week). We assessed overall bacterial diversity and presence of specific taxa with respect to HSB intake in each cohort separately and combined in a meta-analysis. Consistently in the two cohorts, we found lower species richness in high HSB consumers (> 3 cans/week) (p = 0.027), and that overall bacterial community profiles differed from those of non-consumers (PERMANOVA p = 0.040). Specifically, presence of a network of commensal bacteria (Lachnospiraceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Alloprevotella rava) was less common in high compared to non-consumers, as were other species including Campylobacter showae, Prevotella oulorum, and Mycoplasma faucium. Presence of acidogenic bacteria Bifodobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was more common in high consumers. Abundance of Fusobacteriales and its genus Leptotrichia, Lachnoanaerobaculum sp., and Campylobacter were lower with higher HSB consumption, and their abundances were correlated. No significant interaction was found for these associations with diabetic status or with microbial markers for caries (S. mutans) and periodontitis (P. gingivalis). Our results suggest that soft drink intake may alter the salivary microbiota, with consistent results across two independent cohorts. The observed perturbations of overrepresented acidogenic bacteria and underrepresented commensal bacteria in high HSB consumers may have implications for oral and systemic disease risk.
摘要：
人类口腔微生物组可能会改变口腔和全身性疾病的风险。食用高糖饮料（HSB）可通过改变牙菌斑中的微生物组成而导致龋齿发展，但对HSB特异性口腔微生物改变知之甚少。因此,我们进行了大规模的，以人群为基础的研究，以检查HSB摄入量与口腔微生物组多样性和组成的关联。使用美国两个全国队列中989人的漱口水样本，细菌16SrRNA基因被扩增，测序，并被分配到细菌分类群。从食物频率问卷中量化的HSB摄入量较低(<1份/周)，培养基（1-3份/周），或高（>3份/周）。我们分别评估了每个队列中HSB摄入量的总体细菌多样性和特定分类单元的存在，并在荟萃分析中进行了组合。在这两个队列中，我们发现高HSB消费者的物种丰富度较低(>3罐/周)(p=0.027)，总体细菌群落概况与非消费者不同(PERMANOVAp=0.040)。具体来说,共生细菌网络的存在(Lachnospiraceae，肽链球菌科，和Alloprevotellarava)与非消费者相比，在高位不太常见，包括弯曲杆菌在内的其他物种也是如此，普雷沃氏菌，和水支原体。产酸细菌的存在在高消费者中更常见。梭菌及其属的丰度，Lachnoanaerobaculumsp.,弯曲杆菌较低，HSB消耗较高，它们的丰度是相关的。没有发现这些与糖尿病状态或龋齿微生物标记的关联的显着相互作用（S.变形)和牙周炎(P.牙龈）。我们的结果表明，软饮料的摄入可能会改变唾液微生物群，两个独立队列的结果一致。在高HSB消费者中观察到的产酸细菌和共生细菌的干扰可能对口腔和全身性疾病风险有影响。
