Abstract：
Roundup®, a prominent glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH), holds a significant position in the global market. However, studies of its effects on aquatic invertebrates, including molluscs are limited. Pomacea canaliculata, a large freshwater snail naturally thrives in agricultural environments where GBH is extensively employed. Our investigation involved assessing the impact of two concentrations of GBH (at concentrations of 19.98 mg/L and 59.94 mg/L, corresponding to 6 mg/L and 18 mg/L glyphosate) during a 96 h exposure experiment on the intestinal bacterial composition and metabolites of P. canaliculata. Analysis of the 16 S rRNA gene demonstrated a notable reduction in the alpha diversity of intestinal bacteria due to GBH exposure. Higher GBH concentration caused a significant shift in the relative abundance of dominant bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Paludibacter. We employed widely-targeted metabolomics analysis to analyze alterations in the hepatopancreatic metabolic profile as a consequence of GBH exposure. The shifts in metabolites primarily affected lipid, amino acid, and glucose metabolism, resulting in compromised immune and adaptive capacities in P. canaliculata. These results suggested that exposure to varying GBH concentrations perpetuates adverse effects on intestinal and hepatopancreatic health of P. canaliculata. This study provides an understanding of the negative effects of GBH on P. canaliculata and may sheds light on its potential implications for other molluscs.
摘要：
Roundup®,一种突出的草甘膦除草剂（GBH），在全球市场上占有重要地位。然而,研究其对水生无脊椎动物的影响，包括软体动物是有限的。泡果,大型淡水蜗牛在广泛使用GBH的农业环境中自然生长。我们的调查涉及评估两种浓度的GBH（浓度为19.98mg/L和59.94mg/L，对应于6mg/L和18mg/L的草甘膦），在96小时的暴露实验中，对小白的肠道细菌组成和代谢产物进行了研究。16SrRNA基因的分析表明,由于GBH暴露,肠道细菌的α多样性显著降低。较高的GBH浓度引起优势菌相对丰度的显著变化,如拟杆菌和Paludibacter。我们采用了广泛靶向的代谢组学分析来分析由于GBH暴露而导致的肝胰腺代谢谱的改变。代谢物的变化主要影响脂质，氨基酸,和葡萄糖代谢，导致泪小管中免疫和适应能力受损。这些结果表明，暴露于不同的GBH浓度会对泪小管的肠和肝胰腺健康产生不利影响。这项研究提供了对GBH对泪珠的负面影响的了解，并可能阐明其对其他软体动物的潜在影响。
