Abstract：
Salinization is a leading threat to soil degradation and sustainable crop production. The application of organic amendments could improve crop growth in saline soil. Thus, we assessed the impact of sugarcane bagasse (SB) and its biochar (SBB) on soil enzymatic activity and growth response of maize crop at three various percentages (0.5%, 1%, and 2% of soil) under three salinity levels (1.66, 4, and 8 dS m-1). Each treatment was replicated three times in a completely randomized block design with factorial settings. The results showed that SB and SBB can restore the impact of salinization, but the SBB at the 2% addition rate revealed promising results compared to SB. The 2% SBB significantly enhanced shoot length (23.4%, 26.1%, and 41.8%), root length (16.8%, 20.8%, and 39.0%), grain yield (17.6%, 25.1%, and 392.2%), relative water contents (11.2%, 13.1%, and 19.2%), protein (17.2%, 19.6%, and 34.9%), and carotenoid (16.3, 30.3, and 49.9%) under different salinity levels (1.66, 4, and 8 dS m-1, respectively). The 2% SBB substantially drop the Na+ in maize root (28.3%, 29.9%, and 22.4%) and shoot (36.1%, 37.2%, and 38.5%) at 1.66, 4, and 8 dS m-1. Moreover, 2% SBB is the best treatment to boost the urease by 110.1%, 71.7%, and 91.2%, alkaline phosphatase by 28.8%, 38.8%, and 57.6%, and acid phosphatase by 48.4%, 80.1%, and 68.2% than control treatment under 1.66, 4 and 8 dS m-1, respectively. Pearson analysis showed that all the growth and yield parameters were positively associated with the soil enzymatic activities and negatively correlated with electrolyte leakage and sodium. The structural equational model (SEM) showed that the different application percentage of amendments significantly influences the growth and physiological parameters at all salinity levels. SEM explained the 81%, 92%, and 95% changes in maize yield under 1.66, 4, and 8 dS m-1, respectively. So, it is concluded that the 2% SBB could be an efficient approach to enhance the maize yield by ameliorating the noxious effect of degraded saline soil.
摘要：
盐渍化是土壤退化和可持续作物生产的主要威胁。施用有机改良剂可以改善盐渍土壤中的作物生长。因此，我们以三种不同的百分比（0.5％，1%,和土壤的2％）在三个盐度水平（1.66、4和8dSm-1）下。在具有阶乘设置的完全随机区组设计中,将每种治疗重复三次。结果表明，SB和SBB可以恢复盐碱化的影响，但与SB相比，2%添加率的SBB显示出有希望的结果。2％的SBB显着增强了芽长度（23.4％，26.1%,和41.8%)，根长(16.8%，20.8%,和39.0%)，粮食产量(17.6%，25.1%,和392.2%)，相对含水量(11.2%，13.1%,和19.2%)，蛋白质（17.2%，19.6%,和34.9%），在不同盐度水平下（分别为1.66、4和8dSm-1）和类胡萝卜素（16.3、30.3和49.9％）。2%SBB显著降低了玉米根中的Na+(28.3%，29.9%,和22.4%)和射击(36.1%，37.2%,和38.5%）在1.66、4和8dSm-1。此外，2%SBB是提高脲酶110.1%的最佳治疗方法，71.7%,91.2%,碱性磷酸酶下降28.8%,38.8%,57.6%,和酸性磷酸酶48.4％，80.1%,在1.66、4和8dSm-1下，分别比对照处理高68.2%。Pearson分析表明，所有生长和产量参数与土壤酶活性呈正相关，与电解质渗漏和钠呈负相关。结构方程模型（SEM）表明，在所有盐度水平下，改良剂的不同施用百分比显着影响生长和生理参数。SEM解释了81%，92%,在1.66、4和8dSm-1下，玉米产量变化分别为95％。所以,结论是2％SBB可以通过改善降解盐渍土的有害作用来提高玉米产量。
