Abstract：
Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is a pathological condition characterized by progressive narrowing or complete blockage of intracranial blood vessels caused by plaque formation. This condition leads to reduced blood flow to the brain, resulting in cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Ischemic stroke (IS) resulting from ICAS poses a significant global public health challenge, especially among East Asian populations. However, the underlying causes of the notable variations in prevalence among diverse populations, as well as the most effective strategies for preventing and treating the rupture and blockage of intracranial plaques, remain incompletely comprehended. Rupture of plaques, bleeding, and thrombosis serve as precipitating factors in the pathogenesis of luminal obstruction in intracranial arteries. Pericytes play a crucial role in the structure and function of blood vessels and face significant challenges in regulating the Vasa Vasorum (VV)and preventing intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH). This review aims to explore innovative therapeutic strategies that target the pathophysiological mechanisms of vulnerable plaques by modulating pericyte biological function. It also discusses the potential applications of pericytes in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and their prospects as a therapeutic intervention in the field of biological tissue engineering regeneration.
摘要：
颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄（ICAS）是一种病理状态，其特征是由斑块形成引起的颅内血管逐渐变窄或完全阻塞。这种情况导致大脑的血流量减少，导致脑缺血缺氧。ICAS导致的缺血性卒中（IS）构成了重大的全球公共卫生挑战，尤其是在东亚人群中。然而,不同人群患病率差异显著的根本原因，以及预防和治疗颅内斑块破裂和阻塞的最有效策略，仍然不完全理解。斑块破裂,出血,和血栓形成是颅内动脉管腔阻塞的发病机理的诱发因素。周细胞在血管的结构和功能中起着至关重要的作用，并且在调节VasaVasorum（VV）和预防斑块内出血（IPH）方面面临重大挑战。本文旨在通过调节周细胞生物学功能，探索针对易损斑块病理生理机制的创新治疗策略。它还讨论了周细胞在中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病中的潜在应用，以及它们在生物组织工程再生领域作为治疗干预的前景。
