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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Melia azedarach is known as a medicinal plant that has wide biological activities such as analgesic, antibacterial, and antifungal effects and is used to treat a wide range of diseases such as diarrhea, malaria, and various skin diseases. However, optimizing the extraction of valuable secondary metabolites of M. azedarach using alternative extraction methods has not been investigated. This research aims to develop an effective, fast, and environmentally friendly extraction method using Ultrasound-assisted extraction, methanol and temperature to optimize the extraction of two secondary metabolites, lupeol and stigmasterol, from young roots of M. azedarach using the response surface methodology.
METHODS: Box-behnken design was applied to optimize different factors (solvent, temperature, and ultrasonication time). The amounts of lupeol and stigmasterol in the root of M. azedarach were detected by the HPLC-DAD. The required time for the analysis of each sample by the HPLC-DAD system was considered to be 8 min.
RESULTS: The results indicated that the highest amount of lupeol (7.82 mg/g DW) and stigmasterol (6.76 mg/g DW) was obtained using 50% methanol at 45 °C and ultrasonication for 30 min, and 50% methanol in 35 °C, and ultrasonication for 30 min, respectively. Using the response surface methodology, the predicted conditions for lupeol and stigmasterol from root of M. azedarach were as follows; lupeol: 100% methanol, temperature 45 °C and ultrasonication time 40 min (14.540 mg/g DW) and stigmasterol 43.75% methanol, temperature 34.4 °C and ultrasonication time 25.3 min (5.832 mg/g DW).
CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the amount of secondary metabolites lupeol and stigmasterol in the root of M. azedarach could be improved by optimizing the extraction process utilizing response surface methodology.
METHODS: Box-behnken design was applied to optimize different factors (solvent, temperature, and ultrasonication time). The amounts of lupeol and stigmasterol in the root of M. azedarach were detected by the HPLC-DAD. The required time for the analysis of each sample by the HPLC-DAD system was considered to be 8 min.
RESULTS: The results indicated that the highest amount of lupeol (7.82 mg/g DW) and stigmasterol (6.76 mg/g DW) was obtained using 50% methanol at 45 °C and ultrasonication for 30 min, and 50% methanol in 35 °C, and ultrasonication for 30 min, respectively. Using the response surface methodology, the predicted conditions for lupeol and stigmasterol from root of M. azedarach were as follows; lupeol: 100% methanol, temperature 45 °C and ultrasonication time 40 min (14.540 mg/g DW) and stigmasterol 43.75% methanol, temperature 34.4 °C and ultrasonication time 25.3 min (5.832 mg/g DW).
CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the amount of secondary metabolites lupeol and stigmasterol in the root of M. azedarach could be improved by optimizing the extraction process utilizing response surface methodology.
摘要：
背景：苦梅被称为药用植物，具有广泛的生物活性，例如镇痛，抗菌，和抗真菌作用，用于治疗广泛的疾病，如腹泻，疟疾,和各种皮肤病。然而,尚未研究使用替代提取方法来优化M.azedarach有价值的次生代谢产物的提取。这项研究旨在开发一种有效的、快,采用超声波辅助提取的环保提取方法，优化两种次生代谢产物的提取工艺,羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇，使用响应面法从阿扎达拉的幼根中提取。
方法：应用Box-behnken设计优化不同因素（溶剂，温度,和超声处理时间)。用HPLC-DAD法检测了丁香根中羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇的含量。通过HPLC-DAD系统分析每个样品所需的时间被认为是8分钟。
结果：结果表明，使用50％甲醇在45°C和超声处理30分钟获得最高量的羽扇豆醇（7.82mg/gDW）和豆甾醇（6.76mg/gDW），和50%的甲醇在35°C，超声处理30分钟，分别。使用响应面方法，从M.azedarach的根的羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇的预测条件如下；羽扇豆醇：100％甲醇，温度45°C和超声处理时间40分钟（14.540mg/gDW）和豆甾醇43.75％甲醇，温度34.4°C和超声处理时间25.3min(5.832mg/gDW)。
结论：结果表明，通过响应面法优化提取工艺，可以提高紫花根中次生代谢产物羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇的含量。
方法：应用Box-behnken设计优化不同因素（溶剂，温度,和超声处理时间)。用HPLC-DAD法检测了丁香根中羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇的含量。通过HPLC-DAD系统分析每个样品所需的时间被认为是8分钟。
结果：结果表明，使用50％甲醇在45°C和超声处理30分钟获得最高量的羽扇豆醇（7.82mg/gDW）和豆甾醇（6.76mg/gDW），和50%的甲醇在35°C，超声处理30分钟，分别。使用响应面方法，从M.azedarach的根的羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇的预测条件如下；羽扇豆醇：100％甲醇，温度45°C和超声处理时间40分钟（14.540mg/gDW）和豆甾醇43.75％甲醇，温度34.4°C和超声处理时间25.3min(5.832mg/gDW)。
结论：结果表明，通过响应面法优化提取工艺，可以提高紫花根中次生代谢产物羽扇豆醇和豆甾醇的含量。
