Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the gastric cross-sectional area (CSA) in the right lateral decubitus position (RLDP) during a 2-h fasting period is not larger than that during a conventional 4-h fasting period prior to pediatric echocardiography.
METHODS: 93 patients aged under 3 years scheduled for echocardiography under sedation were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups; 2-h fasting vs 4-h fasting. For group 4 h (n = 46), the patients were asked to be fasted for all types of liquid for more than 4 h, while group 2 h (n = 47) were asked to be fasted for all types of liquid for 2 h before echocardiography. Gastric ultrasound was performed before echocardiography, and CSARLDP was measured. We compared CSARLDP, incidence of at-risk stomach, fasting duration, and the incidence of major (pulmonary aspiration, aspiration pneumonia) and minor complications (nausea, retching, and vomiting, apnea, and bradycardia) between two groups.
RESULTS: The mean difference of CSARLDP (group 2 h-group 4 h) was 0.49 (- 0.18 to 1.17) cm2, and it was within the non-inferiority margin (Δ = 2.1 cm2). There was no difference in the incidence of at-risk stomach (P = 0.514). There was no significant difference in the incidence of major and minor complications between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Two-hour fasting in pediatric patients who need an echocardiography did not increase major and minor complications and CSA significantly.
METHODS: 93 patients aged under 3 years scheduled for echocardiography under sedation were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups; 2-h fasting vs 4-h fasting. For group 4 h (n = 46), the patients were asked to be fasted for all types of liquid for more than 4 h, while group 2 h (n = 47) were asked to be fasted for all types of liquid for 2 h before echocardiography. Gastric ultrasound was performed before echocardiography, and CSARLDP was measured. We compared CSARLDP, incidence of at-risk stomach, fasting duration, and the incidence of major (pulmonary aspiration, aspiration pneumonia) and minor complications (nausea, retching, and vomiting, apnea, and bradycardia) between two groups.
RESULTS: The mean difference of CSARLDP (group 2 h-group 4 h) was 0.49 (- 0.18 to 1.17) cm2, and it was within the non-inferiority margin (Δ = 2.1 cm2). There was no difference in the incidence of at-risk stomach (P = 0.514). There was no significant difference in the incidence of major and minor complications between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Two-hour fasting in pediatric patients who need an echocardiography did not increase major and minor complications and CSA significantly.
摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是证明在2小时禁食期间右侧卧位（RLDP）的胃横截面积（CSA）不大于常规的4小时禁食期间小儿超声心动图检查。
方法：93名年龄在3岁以下的患者被安排在镇静下进行超声心动图检查，并随机分为两组：2小时禁食和4小时禁食。对于组4h(n=46)，要求患者禁食所有类型的液体超过4小时，而2h组（n=47）在超声心动图检查前要求对所有类型的液体禁食2h。超声心动图前进行胃超声检查，和CSARLDP进行测量。我们比较了CSARLDP,高危胃病的发生率，禁食持续时间，和主要(肺吸入，吸入性肺炎)和轻微并发症(恶心，干涩,呕吐,呼吸暂停,和心动过缓）在两组之间。
结果：CSARLDP（组2h-组4h）的平均差为0.49（-0.18至1.17）cm2，在非劣效性范围内（Δ=2.1cm2）。高危胃癌的发生率无差异（P=0.514）。两组主要和次要并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义。
结论：需要超声心动图检查的儿科患者禁食2小时并没有显著增加主要和次要并发症和CSA。
方法：93名年龄在3岁以下的患者被安排在镇静下进行超声心动图检查，并随机分为两组：2小时禁食和4小时禁食。对于组4h(n=46)，要求患者禁食所有类型的液体超过4小时，而2h组（n=47）在超声心动图检查前要求对所有类型的液体禁食2h。超声心动图前进行胃超声检查，和CSARLDP进行测量。我们比较了CSARLDP,高危胃病的发生率，禁食持续时间，和主要(肺吸入，吸入性肺炎)和轻微并发症(恶心，干涩,呕吐,呼吸暂停,和心动过缓）在两组之间。
结果：CSARLDP（组2h-组4h）的平均差为0.49（-0.18至1.17）cm2，在非劣效性范围内（Δ=2.1cm2）。高危胃癌的发生率无差异（P=0.514）。两组主要和次要并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义。
结论：需要超声心动图检查的儿科患者禁食2小时并没有显著增加主要和次要并发症和CSA。
