Abstract：
BACKGROUND: During COVID-19, hospitality businesses (e.g. bars, restaurants) were closed/restricted whilst off-sales of alcohol increased, with health consequences. Post-covid, governments face lobbying to support such businesses, but many health services remain under pressure. We appraised \'sweetspot\' policy options: those with potential to benefit public services and health, whilst avoiding or minimising negative impact on the hospitality sector.
METHODS: We conducted rapid non-systematic evidence reviews using index papers, citation searches and team knowledge to summarise the literature relating to four possible \'sweetspot\' policy areas: pricing interventions (9 systematic reviews (SR); 14 papers/reports); regulation of online sales (1 SR; 1 paper); place-shaping (2 SRs; 18 papers/reports); and violence reduction initiatives (9 SRs; 24 papers/reports); and led two expert workshops (n = 11).
RESULTS: Interventions that raise the price of cheaper shop-bought alcohol appear promising as \'sweetspot\' policies; any impact on hospitality is likely small and potentially positive. Restrictions on online sales such as speed or timing of delivery may reduce harm and diversion of consumption from on-trade to home settings. Place-shaping is not well-supported by evidence and experts were sceptical. Reduced late-night trading hours likely reduce violence; evidence of impact on hospitality is scant. Other violence reduction initiatives may modestly reduce harms whilst supporting hospitality, but require resources to deliver multiple measures simultaneously in partnership.
CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence and expert views point to regulation of pricing and online sales as having greatest potential as \'sweetspot\' alcohol policies, reducing alcohol harm whilst minimising negative impact on hospitality businesses.
METHODS: We conducted rapid non-systematic evidence reviews using index papers, citation searches and team knowledge to summarise the literature relating to four possible \'sweetspot\' policy areas: pricing interventions (9 systematic reviews (SR); 14 papers/reports); regulation of online sales (1 SR; 1 paper); place-shaping (2 SRs; 18 papers/reports); and violence reduction initiatives (9 SRs; 24 papers/reports); and led two expert workshops (n = 11).
RESULTS: Interventions that raise the price of cheaper shop-bought alcohol appear promising as \'sweetspot\' policies; any impact on hospitality is likely small and potentially positive. Restrictions on online sales such as speed or timing of delivery may reduce harm and diversion of consumption from on-trade to home settings. Place-shaping is not well-supported by evidence and experts were sceptical. Reduced late-night trading hours likely reduce violence; evidence of impact on hospitality is scant. Other violence reduction initiatives may modestly reduce harms whilst supporting hospitality, but require resources to deliver multiple measures simultaneously in partnership.
CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence and expert views point to regulation of pricing and online sales as having greatest potential as \'sweetspot\' alcohol policies, reducing alcohol harm whilst minimising negative impact on hospitality businesses.
摘要：
背景：在新冠肺炎期间，酒店业务(例如酒吧，餐馆)被关闭/限制，而酒类的非销售增加，对健康的影响。后covid，政府面临游说支持这些企业，但是许多医疗服务仍然面临压力。我们评估了“甜蜜点”政策选择：那些有潜力使公共服务和健康受益的政策选择，同时避免或尽量减少对酒店业的负面影响。
方法：我们使用索引文件进行了快速的非系统证据综述，引文搜索和团队知识，以总结与四个可能的“甜点”政策领域有关的文献：定价干预措施（9篇系统评价（SR）；14篇论文/报告）；在线销售监管（1篇SR；1篇论文）；地点塑造（2篇SR；18篇论文/报告）；减少暴力倡议（9篇SR；24篇论文/报告）；并主持了两次专家研讨会（n=11）。
结果：提高商店购买的廉价酒精价格的干预措施似乎有望成为“甜食”政策；对酒店的任何影响都可能很小，而且可能是积极的。对在线销售的限制，如交货速度或时间，可能会减少损害和消费从贸易转移到家庭环境。地点塑造没有得到证据的充分支持，专家对此表示怀疑。减少深夜交易时间可能会减少暴力；对好客影响的证据很少。其他减少暴力的举措可能会在支持款待的同时适度减少伤害，但需要资源以合作方式同时提供多种措施。
结论：现有证据和专家观点指出，定价和在线销售监管作为“甜食”酒精政策具有最大潜力，减少酒精危害，同时最大限度地减少对酒店业务的负面影响。
方法：我们使用索引文件进行了快速的非系统证据综述，引文搜索和团队知识，以总结与四个可能的“甜点”政策领域有关的文献：定价干预措施（9篇系统评价（SR）；14篇论文/报告）；在线销售监管（1篇SR；1篇论文）；地点塑造（2篇SR；18篇论文/报告）；减少暴力倡议（9篇SR；24篇论文/报告）；并主持了两次专家研讨会（n=11）。
结果：提高商店购买的廉价酒精价格的干预措施似乎有望成为“甜食”政策；对酒店的任何影响都可能很小，而且可能是积极的。对在线销售的限制，如交货速度或时间，可能会减少损害和消费从贸易转移到家庭环境。地点塑造没有得到证据的充分支持，专家对此表示怀疑。减少深夜交易时间可能会减少暴力；对好客影响的证据很少。其他减少暴力的举措可能会在支持款待的同时适度减少伤害，但需要资源以合作方式同时提供多种措施。
结论：现有证据和专家观点指出，定价和在线销售监管作为“甜食”酒精政策具有最大潜力，减少酒精危害，同时最大限度地减少对酒店业务的负面影响。
