Abstract：
The objective of the present research was to examine doping-related decisional trade-offs, and their relationship with health risk perceptions towards doping and moral attitudes in sport. A mixed methods sequential-explanatory design was used. In Study 1,249, Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) athletes from 16 countries completed anonymous online questionnaires on decisional trade-offs related to doping, health risk beliefs towards doping, moral attitudes in sport, and socio-demographic variables. The results showed that almost 1 in 10 athletes would trade their life for sporting success, independently of the moral implications of their choice. When mortal threat was absent, 31.5% of the athletes would trade morality for sporting success. Decisional trade-off choices differentiated scores in moral attitudes, such as acceptance of cheating and keeping winning in proportion. In Study 2, 11 British competitive MMA athletes were interviewed about decisional trade-offs involving moral violations or mortal threats. Thematic analysis corroborated the Study 1 findings, with most athletes dismissing the doping choice involving a mortal threat but endorsing the one where the mortal threat was absent. Anti-doping education in MMA athletes should target the decision-making process underlying doping, with an emphasis on moral values and the adverse health risk effects of doping.
摘要：
本研究的目的是检查与兴奋剂相关的决策权衡，以及它们与健康风险认知对兴奋剂和体育道德态度的关系。使用了混合方法顺序解释设计。在研究1,249中，来自16个国家的混合武术（MMA）运动员完成了与兴奋剂相关的决定权衡的匿名在线问卷调查，对兴奋剂的健康风险信念，体育中的道德态度，和社会人口统计学变量。结果显示，几乎十分之一的运动员会用自己的生命来换取运动上的成功，独立于他们选择的道德含义。当致命威胁不存在时，31.5%的运动员愿意用道德换取体育成功。决策权衡选择区分了道德态度的得分，例如接受作弊和保持比例获胜。在研究2中，对11名英国竞技MMA运动员进行了关于涉及道德侵犯或致命威胁的决策权衡的采访。专题分析证实了研究1的发现，大多数运动员拒绝使用涉及致命威胁的兴奋剂选择，但支持不存在致命威胁的选择。MMA运动员的反兴奋剂教育应针对兴奋剂的决策过程，强调道德价值观和兴奋剂的不良健康风险影响。
