Abstract：
Differences in demographic and environmental niches facilitate plant species coexistence in tropical forests. However, the adaptations that enable species to achieve higher demographic rates (e.g. growth or survival) or occupy unique environmental niches (e.g. waterlogged conditions) remain poorly understood. Anatomical traits may better predict plant environmental and demographic strategies because they are direct measurements of structures involved in these adaptations. We collected 18 leaf and twig traits from 29 tree species in a tropical freshwater swamp forest in Singapore. We estimated demographic parameters of the 29 species from growth and survival models, and degree of association toward swamp habitats. We examined pairwise trait-trait, trait-demography and trait-environment links while controlling for phylogeny. Leaf and twig anatomical traits were better predictors of all demographic parameters than other commonly measured leaf and wood traits. Plants with wider vessels had faster growth rates but lower survival rates. Leaf and spongy mesophyll thickness predicted swamp association. These findings demonstrate the utility of anatomical traits as indicators of plant hydraulic strategies and their links to growth-mortality trade-offs and waterlogging stress tolerance that underlie species coexistence mechanisms in tropical forest trees.
摘要：
人口和环境生态位的差异促进了热带森林中植物物种的共存。然而,使物种能够实现更高的人口增长率(例如生长或存活)或占据独特的环境生态位(例如淹水条件)的适应仍然知之甚少。解剖学特征可以更好地预测植物环境和人口策略，因为它们是对这些适应中涉及的结构的直接测量。我们在新加坡的热带淡水沼泽森林中从29个树种中收集了18个叶子和树枝性状。我们从生长和生存模型中估计了29个物种的人口统计学参数，以及与沼泽栖息地的关联程度。我们检查了成对的性状，性状-人口学和性状-环境联系，同时控制系统发育。与其他通常测量的叶和木材性状相比，叶和树枝解剖性状是所有人口统计学参数的更好预测指标。容器较宽的植物生长速度较快，但存活率较低。叶片和海绵状叶肉厚度预测沼泽协会。这些发现证明了解剖性状作为植物水力策略指标的实用性，以及它们与生长-死亡率权衡和涝渍胁迫耐受性之间的联系，这些关系是热带林木中物种共存机制的基础。
