这项研究旨在全面探索影响不同牛种形态特征的全基因组选择过程,利用一系列统计方法。形态特征,包括定性和定量变量,在根据其外观表征和选择牲畜品种方面发挥着关键作用,尺寸,和物理属性。虽然定性特征,比如颜色,喇叭结构,和外套类型,有助于适应性特征和品种识别,体重和构象测量等数量性状与生产特征具有更紧密的相关性。本研究采用先进的基因分型技术,包括IlluminaBovineSNP50珠芯片和下一代测序方法,如减少表征测序,以确定与这些性状相关的基因组特征。我们应用了四种种群内方法来寻找选择的证据,比如田岛的D,CLR,iHS,和ROH。我们在选择标签下总共发现了40个基因,与五个牛品种的形态计量学性状相关(Kankrej,Tharparkar,Nelore,Sahiwal,和Gir)。关键基因如ADIPDQ,DPP6,INSIG1,SLC35D2inKankrej,LPL,ATP6V1B2,CDC14BinTharparkar,HPSE2,Nelore的PLAG1,PCSK1,PRKD1在Sahiwal,和GNAQ,在我们的研究中鉴定了Gir中的HPCAL1。这种方法为体重和构象性状变异的遗传基础提供了有价值的见解,促进知情的选择过程,并更深入地了解不同牛种的进化和驯化过程。
This study seeks a comprehensive exploration of genome-wide selective processes impacting morphometric traits across diverse cattle breeds, utilizing an array of statistical methods. Morphometric traits, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative variables, play a pivotal role in characterizing and selecting livestock breeds based on their external appearance, size, and physical attributes. While qualitative traits, such as color, horn structure, and coat type, contribute to adaptive features and breed identification, quantitative traits like body weight and conformation measurements bear a closer correlation with production characteristics. This study employs advanced genotyping technologies, including the Illumina BovineSNP50 Bead Chip and next-generation sequencing methods like Reduced Representation sequencing, to identify genomic signatures associated with these traits. We applied four intra-population methods to find evidence of selection, such as Tajima\'s D, CLR, iHS, and ROH. We found a total of 40 genes under the selection signature, that were associated with morphometric traits in five cattle breeds (Kankrej, Tharparkar, Nelore, Sahiwal, and Gir). Crucial genes such as ADIPDQ, DPP6, INSIG1, SLC35D2 in Kankrej, LPL, ATP6V1B2, CDC14B in Tharparkar, HPSE2, PLAG1 in Nelore, PCSK1, PRKD1 in Sahiwal, and GNAQ, HPCAL1 in Gir were identified in our study. This approach provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of variations in body weight and conformation traits, facilitating informed selection processes and offering a deeper understanding of the evolutionary and domestication processes in diverse cattle breeds.