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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Given the benefits of gardening for physical and psychological health, we explored whether gardening was associated with lower risks of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a precursor of dementia, and SCD-related functional limitations.
METHODS: Included in this cross-sectional study were 136,748 participants aged 45 + years old from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2019 survey, who were then categorized into three groups according to self-reported exercise status: non-exercisers, gardeners, and other exercisers. SCD was assessed via a questionnaire, and SCD-related functional limitations were referred to as having difficulties in engaging in household or social activities due to SCD. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the associations of gardening with SCD and SCD-related functional limitations, adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and health status. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether the observed association between gardening and SCD was mediated by energy expenditure (MET-hours/week), depression status, and consumption of fruits and vegetables.
RESULTS: Overall, 11.1% and 5.4% of participants self-reported experiencing SCD and SCD-related functional limitations, respectively. The adjusted OR for gardeners vs. non-exercisers, was 0.72 (95% CI 0.62-0.83) for SCD and 0.57 (95% CI 0.44-0.73) for SCD-related functional limitations. The observed association between gardening and SCD was explained by higher energy expenditure (39.0%), lower likelihood of having depression (21.5%), and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables (3.4%) (P<0.05 for all). Similar patterns were observed for SCD-related functional limitations.
CONCLUSIONS: In this nationally representative sample, gardening was associated with better cognitive status, which may be mainly attributed to better depression status and energy expenditure.
METHODS: Included in this cross-sectional study were 136,748 participants aged 45 + years old from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2019 survey, who were then categorized into three groups according to self-reported exercise status: non-exercisers, gardeners, and other exercisers. SCD was assessed via a questionnaire, and SCD-related functional limitations were referred to as having difficulties in engaging in household or social activities due to SCD. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the associations of gardening with SCD and SCD-related functional limitations, adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and health status. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether the observed association between gardening and SCD was mediated by energy expenditure (MET-hours/week), depression status, and consumption of fruits and vegetables.
RESULTS: Overall, 11.1% and 5.4% of participants self-reported experiencing SCD and SCD-related functional limitations, respectively. The adjusted OR for gardeners vs. non-exercisers, was 0.72 (95% CI 0.62-0.83) for SCD and 0.57 (95% CI 0.44-0.73) for SCD-related functional limitations. The observed association between gardening and SCD was explained by higher energy expenditure (39.0%), lower likelihood of having depression (21.5%), and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables (3.4%) (P<0.05 for all). Similar patterns were observed for SCD-related functional limitations.
CONCLUSIONS: In this nationally representative sample, gardening was associated with better cognitive status, which may be mainly attributed to better depression status and energy expenditure.
摘要：
背景：考虑到园艺对身心健康的好处，我们探讨了园艺是否与较低的主观认知能力下降（SCD）风险相关，痴呆的前兆,和SCD相关的功能限制。
方法：这项横断面研究包括来自2019年行为危险因素监测系统调查的136,748名45岁以上的参与者，然后根据自我报告的运动状态将他们分为三组：非锻炼者，园丁,和其他锻炼者。SCD通过问卷进行评估，与SCD相关的功能限制被称为由于SCD而难以从事家庭或社会活动。计算比值比（OR）和95％置信区间（CI）以评估园艺与SCD和SCD相关功能限制的关联。根据年龄调整，性别,社会经济地位,生活方式因素，和健康状况。进行了中介分析，以检查观察到的园艺和SCD之间的关联是否由能量消耗（MET-小时/周）介导，抑郁状态,以及水果和蔬菜的消费。
结果：总体而言，11.1%和5.4%的参与者自我报告经历SCD和SCD相关功能限制，分别。园丁与园丁的调整后OR非锻炼者，SCD为0.72（95%CI0.62-0.83），SCD相关功能限制为0.57（95%CI0.44-0.73）。观察到的园艺和SCD之间的关联被解释为更高的能量消耗(39.0%)，患抑郁症的可能性较低（21.5%），水果和蔬菜的消费量较高(3.4%)(均P<0.05)。对于SCD相关的功能限制观察到类似的模式。
结论：在这个具有全国代表性的样本中，园艺与更好的认知状态相关，这可能主要归因于更好的抑郁状态和能量消耗。
方法：这项横断面研究包括来自2019年行为危险因素监测系统调查的136,748名45岁以上的参与者，然后根据自我报告的运动状态将他们分为三组：非锻炼者，园丁,和其他锻炼者。SCD通过问卷进行评估，与SCD相关的功能限制被称为由于SCD而难以从事家庭或社会活动。计算比值比（OR）和95％置信区间（CI）以评估园艺与SCD和SCD相关功能限制的关联。根据年龄调整，性别,社会经济地位,生活方式因素，和健康状况。进行了中介分析，以检查观察到的园艺和SCD之间的关联是否由能量消耗（MET-小时/周）介导，抑郁状态,以及水果和蔬菜的消费。
结果：总体而言，11.1%和5.4%的参与者自我报告经历SCD和SCD相关功能限制，分别。园丁与园丁的调整后OR非锻炼者，SCD为0.72（95%CI0.62-0.83），SCD相关功能限制为0.57（95%CI0.44-0.73）。观察到的园艺和SCD之间的关联被解释为更高的能量消耗(39.0%)，患抑郁症的可能性较低（21.5%），水果和蔬菜的消费量较高(3.4%)(均P<0.05)。对于SCD相关的功能限制观察到类似的模式。
结论：在这个具有全国代表性的样本中，园艺与更好的认知状态相关，这可能主要归因于更好的抑郁状态和能量消耗。
