Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between drinking water sources and cognitive functioning among older adults residing in rural China.
METHODS: Data were extracted from the 2008-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Drinking water sources were categorized according to whether purification measures were employed. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used for cognitive functioning assessment, and the score of <24 was considered as having cognitive dysfunction. Cox regression analyses were conducted to derive hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the effects of various drinking water sources, changes in such sources, and its interaction with exercise on cognition dysfunction.
RESULTS: We included 2304 respondents aged 79.67 ± 10.02 years; of them, 1084 (44.49%) were men. Our adjusted model revealed that respondents consistently drinking tap water were 21% less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction compared with those drinking untreated water (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70-0.90). Respondents transitioning from natural to tap water showed were 33% less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.58-0.78). Moreover, the HR (95% CI) for the interaction between drinking tap water and exercising was 0.86 (0.75-1.00) when compared with that between drinking untreated water and not exercising. All results adjusted for age, occupation, exercise, and body mass index.
CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged tap water consumption and switching from untreated water to tap water were associated with a decreased risk of cognitive dysfunction in older individuals. Additionally, exercising and drinking tap water was synergistically associated with the low incidence of cognitive dysfunction. These findings demonstrate the importance of prioritizing drinking water health in rural areas, indicating that purified tap water can enhance cognitive function among older adults.
METHODS: Data were extracted from the 2008-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Drinking water sources were categorized according to whether purification measures were employed. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used for cognitive functioning assessment, and the score of <24 was considered as having cognitive dysfunction. Cox regression analyses were conducted to derive hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the effects of various drinking water sources, changes in such sources, and its interaction with exercise on cognition dysfunction.
RESULTS: We included 2304 respondents aged 79.67 ± 10.02 years; of them, 1084 (44.49%) were men. Our adjusted model revealed that respondents consistently drinking tap water were 21% less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction compared with those drinking untreated water (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70-0.90). Respondents transitioning from natural to tap water showed were 33% less likely to experience cognitive dysfunction (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.58-0.78). Moreover, the HR (95% CI) for the interaction between drinking tap water and exercising was 0.86 (0.75-1.00) when compared with that between drinking untreated water and not exercising. All results adjusted for age, occupation, exercise, and body mass index.
CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged tap water consumption and switching from untreated water to tap water were associated with a decreased risk of cognitive dysfunction in older individuals. Additionally, exercising and drinking tap water was synergistically associated with the low incidence of cognitive dysfunction. These findings demonstrate the importance of prioritizing drinking water health in rural areas, indicating that purified tap water can enhance cognitive function among older adults.
摘要：
目的：探讨中国农村老年人饮用水源与认知功能的关系。
方法：数据来自2008-2018年中国纵向健康长寿调查。根据是否采用净化措施对饮用水源进行分类。中文版的简易精神状态检查用于认知功能评估，<24分被认为有认知功能障碍。进行Cox回归分析，以得出各种饮用水源影响的风险比（HR）和95％置信区间（CI）。这些来源的变化，及其与运动对认知功能障碍的相互作用。
结果：我们包括2304名79.67±10.02岁的受访者；其中，1084（44.49%）为男性。我们调整后的模型显示，与饮用未经处理的水相比，持续饮用自来水的受访者认知功能障碍的可能性降低了21％（HR=0.79，95％CI：0.70-0.90）。从天然水过渡到自来水的受访者显示，发生认知功能障碍的可能性降低了33％（HR=0.67，95％CI：0.58-0.78）。此外，与饮用未经处理的水和不运动之间的交互作用相比,饮用自来水和运动之间的交互作用的HR(95%CI)为0.86(0.75-1.00).所有结果都根据年龄进行了调整，职业,锻炼,和体重指数。
结论：长期消耗自来水和从未经处理的水转换为自来水与老年人认知功能障碍风险降低相关。此外,运动和饮用自来水与认知功能障碍的低发生率有协同作用。这些发现表明了在农村地区优先考虑饮用水健康的重要性，表明净化的自来水可以增强老年人的认知功能。
方法：数据来自2008-2018年中国纵向健康长寿调查。根据是否采用净化措施对饮用水源进行分类。中文版的简易精神状态检查用于认知功能评估，<24分被认为有认知功能障碍。进行Cox回归分析，以得出各种饮用水源影响的风险比（HR）和95％置信区间（CI）。这些来源的变化，及其与运动对认知功能障碍的相互作用。
结果：我们包括2304名79.67±10.02岁的受访者；其中，1084（44.49%）为男性。我们调整后的模型显示，与饮用未经处理的水相比，持续饮用自来水的受访者认知功能障碍的可能性降低了21％（HR=0.79，95％CI：0.70-0.90）。从天然水过渡到自来水的受访者显示，发生认知功能障碍的可能性降低了33％（HR=0.67，95％CI：0.58-0.78）。此外，与饮用未经处理的水和不运动之间的交互作用相比,饮用自来水和运动之间的交互作用的HR(95%CI)为0.86(0.75-1.00).所有结果都根据年龄进行了调整，职业,锻炼,和体重指数。
结论：长期消耗自来水和从未经处理的水转换为自来水与老年人认知功能障碍风险降低相关。此外,运动和饮用自来水与认知功能障碍的低发生率有协同作用。这些发现表明了在农村地区优先考虑饮用水健康的重要性，表明净化的自来水可以增强老年人的认知功能。
