Abstract：
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and they are also one of the largest energy consumption industries in urban systems. With the progression of upgrading and standard-rising, WWTPs both directly and indirectly increase carbon emissions from the increased investments in facilities and usages in electricity as well as chemical agents. Here, we collected operational data from 15 WWTPs in the key control areas of the Ziya River Basin in North China and accounted for the changes in carbon performance at different technical upgrade methods. Results showed that the average carbon emission performance increased by 0.487 kg CO2/m3 after the upgrade. Carbon emissions from electricity consumption, chemical usage, biochemical process and sludge treatment accounted for 42%, 17%, 24%, and 17% of the total improvement in carbon emission performance, respectively. Reducing energy consumption, regulating chemical use and sludge comprehensive utilization are the key to carbon emission reduction. It further proposes that the development of wastewater treatment discharge standards should fully consider the comprehensive utilization of water quality classification. Regions with favorable natural conditions should make full use of their advantages by adopting economically feasible, low-energy-consuming technologies such as constructed wetlands, which offer carbon sequestration and landscaping benefits. This study provides guidance on the selection of technological pathways for pollution reduction and carbon mitigation in the wastewater treatment industry and on achieving sustainable water resource utilization.
摘要：
污水处理厂（WWTP）是温室气体（GHG）排放的最大来源之一，它们也是城市系统中最大的能源消耗行业之一。随着升级和标准的提高，污水处理厂直接和间接地增加了对电力和化学试剂的设施和使用的投资。这里,我们收集了华北子牙河流域关键控制区的15个污水处理厂的运行数据，并说明了不同技术升级方法下碳性能的变化。结果表明，升级后的平均碳排放性能提高了0.487kgCO2/m3。电力消耗产生的碳排放，化学品使用,生化工艺和污泥处理占42%，17%,24%,碳排放绩效总改善的17%，分别。降低能耗,调节化学品使用和污泥综合利用是碳减排的关键。进一步提出制定污水处理排放标准应充分考虑水质分类的综合利用。自然条件有利的地区要充分利用自身优势,采取经济可行的方式,低能耗技术，如人工湿地，提供碳封存和景观美化的好处。本研究为污水处理行业减污减碳技术路径选择和实现水资源可持续利用提供了指导。
