Abstract：
This study examines the impact of Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a compound from Panax notoginseng, on the maturation of porcine oocytes and their embryonic development, focusing on its effects on antioxidant levels and mitochondrial function. This study demonstrates that supplementing in vitro maturation (IVM) medium with NGR1 significantly enhances several biochemical parameters. These include elevated levels of glutathione (GSH), nuclear factor erythrocyte 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and mRNA expression of catalase (CAT) and GPX. Concurrently, we observed a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and an increase in JC-1 immunofluorescence, mitochondrial distribution, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and nuclear NRF2 mRNA levels. Additionally, there was an increase in ATP production and lipid droplets (LDs) immunofluorescence. These biochemical improvements correlate with enhanced embryonic outcomes, including a higher blastocyst rate, increased total cell count, enhanced proliferative capacity and elevated octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) and superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) gene expression. Furthermore, NGR1 supplementation resulted in decreased apoptosis, reduced caspase 3 (Cas3) and BCL2-Associated X (Bax) mRNA levels and decreased glucose-regulated protein 78 kD (GRP78) immunofluorescence in porcine oocytes undergoing in vitro maturation. These findings suggest that NGR1 plays a crucial role in promoting porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development by providing antioxidant levels and mitochondrial protection.
摘要：
本研究考察了三七皂苷R1(NGR1)的影响，一种来自三七的化合物，猪卵母细胞的成熟和胚胎发育，关注其对抗氧化水平和线粒体功能的影响。这项研究表明，用NGR1补充体外成熟（IVM）培养基可显着增强几种生化参数。这些包括谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平升高，核因子红细胞2相关因子2（NRF2）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）和GPX的mRNA表达。同时,我们观察到活性氧（ROS）水平的降低和JC-1免疫荧光的增加，线粒体分布，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ共激活因子-1α（PGC1α）和核NRF2mRNA水平。此外,ATP产生和脂滴（LD）免疫荧光增加。这些生化改善与增强的胚胎结局相关，包括更高的囊胚率，细胞总数增加，增强的增殖能力和升高的八聚体结合转录因子4（Oct4）和超氧化物歧化酶2（Sod2）基因表达。此外，NGR1补充导致细胞凋亡减少，在体外成熟的猪卵母细胞中，caspase3（Cas3）和BCL2相关X（Bax）mRNA水平降低，葡萄糖调节蛋白78kD（GRP78）免疫荧光降低。这些发现表明NGR1通过提供抗氧化剂水平和线粒体保护在促进猪卵母细胞成熟和随后的胚胎发育中起着至关重要的作用。
