PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: COVID-19-related stigmatization refers to COVID-19-related judgements by others that devalue the individual. Such stigmatization towards healthcare workers may cause psychological burden and negative consequences. Such stigmatization may have particularly overwhelmed allied health trainees (AHTs) and post-graduate year doctors (PGYDs) because they just started their medical career. Social support and resource support have been reported to benefit psychological health and reduce stigmatization. Therefore, the present study used a cross-sectional study design to investigate the association between perceived stigma, self-stigma, psychological distress, and negative outcomes (including emotional exhaustion, insomnia and suicidal ideation) among AHTs and PGYDs in Taiwan.
METHODS: An online survey distributed between July and December, 2022 received 522 responses. Variables were assessed using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Insomnia Severity Index and a series of self-designed questions to assess social support, resource support, perceived stigma, self-stigma, emotional exhaustion, and suicidal ideation.
RESULTS: Structural equation modeling showed that perceived stigma was associated with self-stigma (standardized coefficient [β] = 0.428, p < 0.001), and self-stigma was associated with psychological distress (β = 0.197, p < 0.001), as well as being associated with emotional exhaustion, insomnia, and suicidal ideation (β = 0.349, 0.556 and 0.212, all p-values < 0.001). While social support and resource support were negatively associated with perceived stigma (β= - 0.175 and - 0.152, p < 0.01), additional associations were found between social support and emotional exhaustion (β= - 0.093, p < 0.001), as well as between resource support and insomnia (β= - 0.120, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that COVID-19 related stigmatization was correlated to the detrimental consequences of emotional exhaustion, insomnia and suicidal ideation. Clear paths regarding the associations of social support and resource support with the three negative associations were found as the possible solutions. Strategies to reduce the stigmatization and these negative outcomes, or improve the psychological health will benefit AHTs and PGYDs in maintaining a healthy mental status.
METHODS: An online survey distributed between July and December, 2022 received 522 responses. Variables were assessed using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Insomnia Severity Index and a series of self-designed questions to assess social support, resource support, perceived stigma, self-stigma, emotional exhaustion, and suicidal ideation.
RESULTS: Structural equation modeling showed that perceived stigma was associated with self-stigma (standardized coefficient [β] = 0.428, p < 0.001), and self-stigma was associated with psychological distress (β = 0.197, p < 0.001), as well as being associated with emotional exhaustion, insomnia, and suicidal ideation (β = 0.349, 0.556 and 0.212, all p-values < 0.001). While social support and resource support were negatively associated with perceived stigma (β= - 0.175 and - 0.152, p < 0.01), additional associations were found between social support and emotional exhaustion (β= - 0.093, p < 0.001), as well as between resource support and insomnia (β= - 0.120, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that COVID-19 related stigmatization was correlated to the detrimental consequences of emotional exhaustion, insomnia and suicidal ideation. Clear paths regarding the associations of social support and resource support with the three negative associations were found as the possible solutions. Strategies to reduce the stigmatization and these negative outcomes, or improve the psychological health will benefit AHTs and PGYDs in maintaining a healthy mental status.
摘要：
背景：与COVID-19相关的污名化是指其他人对COVID-19相关的判断，使个人贬值。对医护人员的这种污名化可能会造成心理负担和负面后果。这种污名化可能特别使专职医疗受训者（AHTs）和研究生年医生（PGYDs）不知所措，因为他们刚刚开始医疗生涯。据报道，社会支持和资源支持有利于心理健康，减少污名化。因此,本研究使用横断面研究设计来调查感知的污名，自我污名,心理困扰,和负面结果(包括情绪疲惫，台湾的AHTs和PGYDs失眠和自杀意念)。
方法：7月至12月之间发布的在线调查，2022年收到522份回复。使用21项抑郁症评估变量，焦虑和压力量表，失眠严重程度指数和一系列自行设计的问题来评估社会支持，资源支持,感知到的耻辱，自我污名,情绪疲惫,和自杀意念。
结果：结构方程模型表明，感知的污名与自我污名相关（标准化系数[β]=0.428，p<0.001），自我污名与心理困扰相关(β=0.197，p<0.001)，以及与情绪疲惫有关，失眠,和自杀意念（β=0.349，0.556和0.212，所有p值<0.001）。虽然社会支持和资源支持与感知的污名（β=-0.175和-0.152，p<0.01），在社会支持和情绪衰竭之间发现了额外的关联(β=-0.093，p<0.001)，以及资源支持和失眠之间(β=-0.120，p<0.001)。
结论：结果显示，与COVID-19相关的污名化与情绪衰竭的有害后果有关，失眠和自杀意念。关于社会支持和资源支持与三个负关联的关联的明确路径被发现是可能的解决方案。减少污名化和这些负面结果的策略，或改善心理健康将有利于AHTs和PGYDs保持健康的精神状态。
方法：7月至12月之间发布的在线调查，2022年收到522份回复。使用21项抑郁症评估变量，焦虑和压力量表，失眠严重程度指数和一系列自行设计的问题来评估社会支持，资源支持,感知到的耻辱，自我污名,情绪疲惫,和自杀意念。
结果：结构方程模型表明，感知的污名与自我污名相关（标准化系数[β]=0.428，p<0.001），自我污名与心理困扰相关(β=0.197，p<0.001)，以及与情绪疲惫有关，失眠,和自杀意念（β=0.349，0.556和0.212，所有p值<0.001）。虽然社会支持和资源支持与感知的污名（β=-0.175和-0.152，p<0.01），在社会支持和情绪衰竭之间发现了额外的关联(β=-0.093，p<0.001)，以及资源支持和失眠之间(β=-0.120，p<0.001)。
结论：结果显示，与COVID-19相关的污名化与情绪衰竭的有害后果有关，失眠和自杀意念。关于社会支持和资源支持与三个负关联的关联的明确路径被发现是可能的解决方案。减少污名化和这些负面结果的策略，或改善心理健康将有利于AHTs和PGYDs保持健康的精神状态。
