PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
(1) Background: A healthy lifestyle has a protective role against the onset and management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) are a potentially valuable prevention approach. This review aims to provide an overview of existing CLIs for the prevention and management of asthma or COPD. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycInfo. Studies were included if CLIs targeted at least two lifestyle factors. (3) Results: Among the 56 included studies, 9 addressed asthma and 47 addressed COPD management, with no studies focusing on prevention. For both conditions, the most prevalent combination of lifestyle targets was diet and physical activity (PA), often combined with smoking cessation in COPD. The studied CLIs led to improvements in quality of life, respiratory symptoms, body mass index/weight, and exercise capacity. Behavioural changes were only measured in a limited number of studies and mainly showed improvements in dietary intake and PA level. (4) Conclusions: CLIs are effective within asthma and COPD management. Next to optimising the content and implementation of CLIs, these positive results warrant paying more attention to CLIs for persons with an increased risk profile for these chronic respiratory diseases.
摘要：
（1）背景：健康的生活方式对哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的发病和管理具有保护作用。因此,综合生活方式干预(CLIs)是一种潜在的有价值的预防方法。这篇综述旨在概述现有的用于预防和管理哮喘或COPD的CLIs。(2)方法:使用PubMed进行系统的文献检索,EMBASE,和PsycInfo。如果CLI针对至少两个生活方式因素，则纳入研究。(3)结果：在纳入的56项研究中，9人解决哮喘问题，47人解决COPD管理问题，没有专注于预防的研究。对于这两种情况，最普遍的生活方式目标组合是饮食和体力活动(PA)，常与COPD患者的戒烟相结合。研究的CI导致生活质量的改善，呼吸道症状,体重指数/体重,和锻炼能力。行为变化仅在有限数量的研究中进行了测量，主要显示饮食摄入量和PA水平的改善。（4）结论：CLIs在哮喘和COPD管理中是有效的。除了优化CI的内容和实现之外，这些积极的结果需要对这些慢性呼吸系统疾病风险增加的人群给予更多的关注.
