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Abstract：
GnRH is essential for the regulation of mammalian reproductive processes. It regulates the production and release of pituitary gonadotropins, thereby influencing steroidogenesis and gametogenesis. While primarily produced in the hypothalamus, GnRH is also produced in peripheral organs, such as the gonads and placenta. GnRH analogs, including agonists and antagonists, have been synthesized for the reproductive management of animals and humans. This review focuses on the functions of hypothalamic GnRH in the reproductive processes of cattle. In addition to inducing the surge release of LH, the pulsatile secretion of GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH, thereby regulating gonadal function. Various GnRH-based products have been synthesized to increase their potency and efficacy in regulating reproductive functions. This review article describes the chemical structures of GnRH and its agonists. This discussion extends to the gene expression of GnRH in the hypothalamus, highlighting its pivotal role in regulating the reproductive process. Furthermore, GnRH is involved in regulating ovarian follicular development and luteal phase support, and estrus synchronization is involved. A comprehensive understanding of the role of GnRH and its analogs in the modulation of reproductive processes is essential for optimizing animal reproduction.
摘要：
GnRH对哺乳动物生殖过程的调节至关重要。它调节垂体促性腺激素的产生和释放，从而影响类固醇生成和配子生成。虽然主要在下丘脑产生，GnRH也在外周器官中产生，如性腺和胎盘。GnRH类似物,包括激动剂和拮抗剂，已被合成用于动物和人类的生殖管理。本文综述了下丘脑GnRH在牛生殖过程中的作用。除了诱导LH的激增释放，GnRH的脉动分泌刺激垂体释放FSH和LH，从而调节性腺功能。已经合成了各种基于GnRH的产品以提高其调节生殖功能的效力和功效。本文介绍了GnRH及其激动剂的化学结构。本讨论延伸到下丘脑GnRH的基因表达，强调其在调节生殖过程中的关键作用。此外，GnRH参与调节卵泡发育和黄体期支持，并且涉及发情同步。全面了解GnRH及其类似物在生殖过程调节中的作用对于优化动物繁殖至关重要。
