Abstract：
This study aims to investigate the use of pond apple (Annona glabra) compounds as a novel strategy to prevent and treat acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) as well as to better understand the mechanism of health improvement in shrimp. The A. glabra leaf extracts were extracted using various solvents and examined for in vitro and in vivo activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. In comparison with ethanol and water extracts, methanol extract showed the strongest bactericidal effect (MBC/MIC ratio of 2.50 ± 1.00), with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.023 ± 0.012 mg ml-1 and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.065 ± 0.062 mg ml-1. White leg shrimp (P. vannamei, body weight 10.37 ± 0.27 g) fed A. glabra methanol extracts-containing diets (AMEDs) at 1 %, 1.5 %, and 2.0 % demonstrated no deleterious effects on survival and were significantly increased in length and weight after 30 days of feeding. The level of total haemocyte, hyaline haemocyte on day 15 and granulocyte on day 30 remarkably increased (p < 0.05) in shrimps fed AMEDs groups compared to those in the control group. The finding demonstrates that granulocyte was induced time dependently. In particular, the survival rate of V. parahaemolyticus challenged shrimps under medication with AMEDs at 1.5 % and 2.0 % was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. The decrease in bacterial load of Vibrio spp. and V. parahaemolyticus was obviously recorded in hepatopancreas shrimp given AMEDs 1.5 % and 2.0 % and may be linked to herb characteristics such as antibacterial activity, enhancing innate immunity, and its potential to maintain the integrity of hepatopancreatic tissue. Our findings suggest that A. glabra extract might be used as a health enhancer in commercial farmed shrimp.
摘要：
本研究旨在研究使用池塘苹果（Annonaglabra）化合物作为预防和治疗急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）的新策略，并更好地了解虾健康改善的机制。使用各种溶剂提取光晕叶提取物,并检测抗副溶血弧菌菌株的体外和体内活性。与乙醇和水提取物相比，甲醇提取物杀菌效果最强(MBC/MIC比为2.50±1.00),最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.023±0.012mgml-1，最小杀菌浓度（MBC）为0.065±0.062mgml-1。白腿虾(P.南美白对虾,体重10.37±0.27g），以1％的量饲喂含A.glabra甲醇提取物的饮食（AMEDs），1.5%,和2.0％显示对存活率没有有害影响，并且在喂食30天后长度和体重显着增加。总血细胞水平，与对照组相比，饲喂AMEDs的虾在第15天的透明血细胞和第30天的粒细胞显着增加（p<0.05）。该发现表明粒细胞是时间依赖性诱导的。特别是,在1.5％和2.0％的AMED药物治疗下，副溶血性弧菌攻击虾的存活率显着高于对照组（p<0.05）。弧菌的细菌负荷减少。和副溶血性弧菌明显记录在肝胰腺虾AMEDs1.5％和2.0％，可能与草药特征有关，如抗菌活性，增强先天免疫，和它的潜力，以保持肝胰腺组织的完整性。我们的发现表明，草A提取物可用作商业养殖虾的健康增强剂。
