PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium is known to form harmful algal blooms (HABs) and produces saxitoxin (STX) and its derivatives (STXs) that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans. Cell growth and cellular metabolism are affected by environmental conditions, including nutrients, temperature, light, and the salinity of aquatic systems. Abiotic factors not only engage in photosynthesis, but also modulate the production of toxic secondary metabolites, such as STXs, in dinoflagellates. STXs production is influenced by a variety of abiotic factors; however, the relationship between the regulation of these abiotic variables and STXs accumulation seems not to be consistent, and sometimes it is controversial. Few studies have suggested that abiotic factors may influence toxicity and STXs-biosynthesis gene (sxt) regulation in toxic Alexandrium, particularly in A. catenella, A. minutum, and A. pacificum. Hence, in this review, we focused on STXs production in toxic Alexandrium with respect to the major abiotic factors, such as temperature, salinity, nutrients, and light intensity. This review informs future research on more sxt genes involved in STXs production in relation to the abiotic factors in toxic dinoflagellates.
摘要：
已知海洋鞭毛藻Alexandrium会形成有害的藻华（HAB），并产生毒素毒素（STX）及其衍生物（STX），从而导致人类麻痹性贝类中毒（PSP）。细胞生长和细胞代谢受环境条件的影响，包括营养素，温度,光,和水生系统的盐度。非生物因子不仅参与光合作用，而且还可以调节有毒次级代谢产物的产生，例如STX，在鞭毛虫中。STXs的生产受多种非生物因素的影响；然而，这些非生物变量的调节与STX积累之间的关系似乎并不一致，有时是有争议的。很少有研究表明，非生物因素可能会影响有毒亚历山大的毒性和STXs生物合成基因（sxt）调节，特别是在A.catenella中，A.minutum,和A.pacificum。因此，在这次审查中,就主要的非生物因素而言，我们专注于有毒亚历山大的STXs生产，如温度，盐度,营养素,和光强度。这篇综述为将来有关STXs生产中与有毒鞭毛藻中的非生物因素有关的更多sxt基因的研究提供了参考。
